Food Chains and Food Webs

Energy flows in one direction in a food chain due to the second law of thermodynamics, which states that energy is constantly being lost as heat when transferred between trophic levels. As a result, organisms in higher trophic levels receive less energy than those in lower trophic levels, leading to unidirectional energy flow from producers to consumers in a food chain.

Energy and biomass decrease as you move up the food chain due to the second law of thermodynamics, which states that energy is lost as it moves through trophic levels. Organisms higher up in the food chain have less energy available to them compared to those lower down.

Factors that could affect the food chain include changes in environmental conditions such as temperature or precipitation, introduction of new species, human activities like habitat destruction or pollution, and natural events like disease outbreaks or natural disasters. These factors can disrupt the balance within the food chain and impact the availability of food resources for different species.

As we come to the vertebrates, we begin to find real efficiencies with the closed system. Fish possess one of the simplest types of true heart. A fish's heart is a two-chambered organ composed of one atrium and one ventricle. The heart has muscular walls and a valve between its chambers. Blood is pumped from the heart to the gills, where it receives oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. Blood then moves on to the organs of the body, where nutrients, gases, and wastes are exchanged. However, there is no division of the circulation between the respiratory organs and the rest of the body. That is, the blood travels in a circuit which takes blood from heart to gills to organs and back to the heart to start its circuitous journey again.

Frogs have a three-chambered heart, consisting of two atria and a single ventricle. Blood leaving the ventricle passes into a forked aorta, where the blood has an equal opportunity to travel through a circuit of vessels leading to the lungs or a circuit leading to the other organs. Blood returning to the heart from the lungs passes into one atrium, while blood returning from the rest of the body passes into the other. Both atria empty into the single ventricle. While this makes sure that some blood always passes to the lungs and then back to the heart, the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the single ventricle means the organs are not getting blood saturated with oxygen. Still, for a cold-blooded creature like the frog, the system works well. Humans and all other mammals, as well as birds, have a four-chambered heart with two atria and two ventricles. Deoxygenated and oxygenated blood are not mixed. The four chambers ensure efficient and rapid movement of highly oxygenated blood to the organs of the body. This has helped in thermal regulation and in rapid, sustained muscle movements.

No, parasites are not typically at the top of the food chain. Parasites rely on living organisms for their nutrients and survival, which positions them lower down in the food chain. They often infect and feed off hosts, but do not occupy the highest trophic levels in an ecosystem.

Bacteria are considered to be decomposers in a food web. They break down organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, into nutrients that can be recycled back into the ecosystem. This process is essential for nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning.

A food web is a better model of the movement of energy through an ecosystem than a food chain because it shows the complex interactions and interconnectedness of different species within an ecosystem. Food webs illustrate the multiple paths through which energy flows, capturing a more realistic representation of the ecosystem compared to a linear food chain. Additionally, food webs account for the presence of omnivores, decomposers, and other ecological relationships that are not captured in a simple food chain.

Bacteria are at the beginning of the food chain because they are able to break down organic matter into simpler substances through decomposition. This process releases nutrients that are essential for the growth of other organisms higher up in the food chain. This makes bacteria crucial for transferring energy from non-living to living components in an ecosystem.

A food web shows the complex network of feeding relationships in an ecosystem, including multiple interconnected food chains. This provides a more comprehensive and realistic understanding of how energy and nutrients flow through an ecosystem, compared to a food chain which only shows a single linear pathway of energy transfer.

food chains show what animals eat other animals. like

leaves-caterpillars-bird

or

grasses-kangaroo rat- kit fox-bob cat.

Leguminous plants have root nodules because they form a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, usually of the genus Rhizobium, that reside within these nodules. The bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that the plant can use for growth, providing the plant with a vital source of nitrogen while the bacteria receive nutrients from the plant.

In the Amazon rainforest, piranhas are an important part of the food chain. They typically feed on smaller fish, insects, crustaceans, and even other piranhas. Predators of piranhas include birds of prey, caimans, and larger predators like jaguars.

The name of the diagram that shows various food chains is a food web. It illustrates the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem by depicting how different organisms are linked through their consumption of each other.

Predators need a stable prey population to survive, so killing their prey to extinction would threaten their own existence. Predators typically regulate prey populations through hunting and feeding behaviors to ensure a sustainable food supply for the future. Extinction of prey would force predators to adapt to different food sources, which may not be as readily available or suitable.

All parts of the food chain are important because each level has its own job. The carnivores rely on the omnivores and herbivores for a food source. Even if the lowest level disappears the levels above them would starve and die, because there pray would be gone. Yet if the top level were gone the lower levels would over populate and this would not be good.

Multiple food chains make up a food web. A food web shows the complex network of interactions between different organisms in an ecosystem, including multiple interconnected food chains. Each organism in a food web can be a part of multiple food chains, showcasing the interconnectivity of an ecosystem.

because the way a food chain works is energy is transferred between trophic levels, but as you move up each trophic level, about half of the energy is lost, which means when you get to the fourth trophic level, only about 10% of the original energy is remaining, so adding another level would mean that the creature would have to consume 10 times as much of its respective prey to get the energy equivalent of 1 of the creatures at the first trophic level.

so in other works, energy consumption would be too inefficient

Because 90% of the energy acquired is used for life functions, such as respiration, healing injuries, growth etc. So when the animal dies only some of the original energy is still in the body. And when the next animal goes to eat it some of the original energy is locked away in indigestible things like bones. So only 10% of the original energy is able to passed onto the next animal.

I'm pretty sure that's what you were asking for...

A food web shows multiple interconnected food chains within an ecosystem, including the various feeding relationships among organisms. It provides a more realistic representation of the complex interactions and interdependencies among different species in an ecosystem compared to a linear food chain. This complexity better reflects the actual flow of energy and nutrients within the ecosystem.

Arachnids, birds, carnivorous plants, insects, and people are the predators of shield bugs. Spiders have no problems including shield bugs among their typical insect fare. Insects that dare to prey upon shield bugs include assassin bugs and parasitoid wasps, as do birds -- who often are known to then vomit the distasteful fare -- and people -- who may incorporate the arthropods into rich dishes, as is the case in such Asian countries as Indonesia. Carnivorous plants may trap shield bugs for the nutrients which are lacking in wetland environments but which can be dissolved from arachnid interiors.

A pyramid is a good shape for a food web because it visually represents the flow of energy in an ecosystem. It shows the hierarchical structure of trophic levels, with each level consuming the lower levels, thus representing the energy transfer and loss between organisms. This shape helps to demonstrate the relationship between producers, consumers, and decomposers in an ecosystem.

if it is in the ocean plankton which i don't believe exists on land but on land its a circle all life eats the plants if they are herbivorous or omnivores which eat meat of any category and plants like humans you can tell by our canniness used to chew meat in all carnivores such as lions dogs bares and alligators who eat all of the category and the animals who die or are eaten goes in the ground to fertilize the plants ether as a "rotting body" or as feces or poop if you don't know what that means and. if you watch the Disney classic lion king you will see.

Short food chains are more efficient than long food chains because you lose energy as you go up the chain. For example, if we say that plants take in 100% of the possible energy, when a rabbit eats that grass, the rabbit only gets 50% of the energy because the plants were using their stored energy to make food. It continues on like this for as long as the food chain lasts. (Note: the amount of energy isn't correct; I just used those percentages as examples.

The lowest level of living things in a food chain are typically producers, such as plants or algae. These organisms are able to produce their own food through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain by converting energy from sunlight into organic molecules.

When biomass decays, it releases nutrients back into the environment that can be utilized by other organisms in the food chain. Decomposers like bacteria and fungi break down the decaying biomass, making these nutrients available for plants to absorb. This process helps to recycle essential nutrients through different trophic levels in the food chain.