Galaxies

The UDF 7556 galaxy (one of the galaxies in the HUDF field) is a spiral galaxy 6000 million light-years from Earth in the Fornax constellation, and is 100,000 light-years in diameter, and contains about 100 billion stars.

Earth is in the Milky Way Galaxy. The Milky Way Galaxy is a spiral galaxy.

The right hand edge of the pot in the big dipper (ursa major) points to Polaris, the north star. Follow the stars from the lower right to the upper right corners of the pot, and you will find the north star. The north star is also the end of the handle of the little dipper (ursa minor).

In the northern hemisphere, the north star never moves in the night sky, no matter what time of night, all the other stars move from east to west over the course of the evening. The north star is due north of the north pole.

The number of degrees the north star is above the horizon will always indicate the lattitude of the observer. For instance, Boston is at around 42 deg N lattitude, the north star is around 42 deg above the horizon when looking north.

That they are moving away from us. Edwin Hubble discovered that the farther away they are the faster they move away from us. This led to the realization that the Universe is expanding, and so to Big Bang theory.

An Elliptical Galaxy

Our galaxy is a spiral galaxy because it is spiral in shape.

The Big Dipper is one of the most recognizable groups of stars in the sky. The pointer stars in the bowl of the dipper point toward the North Star.

Technically, you cannot take a picture of our own galaxy from outside, as the camera would have to travel tens of thousands of light-years out of the galaxy to do so. However, if you're on Earth, you see a large stream of countless stars in the night sky. That is part of the milky way galaxy. The "pictures" you see in the newspapers are just artists' impressions of how the Milky Way would look, not the actually appearance.

first of all, it is too far away. Also, we don't know much beyond our own solar system, so there may be temperature changes or changes in gravity, etc. but the main reason is we can't travel there in a short enough time to get there.

The Milky Way is gravitationally bound to the Local Group - that means they stay together, due to gravity. Unlike the Solar System, there is not one single massive object at the center, so the movements of the galaxies are a bit more complicated.

Spiral galaxies, barred spiral galaxies, elliptical galaxies, and irregular galaxies

The wavelength of light from a distant galaxy can be analyzed using the redshift phenomenon, where light stretches and shifts to longer wavelengths as the galaxy moves away from Earth. By measuring this redshift, astronomers can determine the galaxy's velocity relative to us. Using Hubble's Law, which relates the velocity of a galaxy to its distance from Earth, they can calculate the galaxy's distance based on its observed redshift. This method is crucial for understanding the expansion of the universe and the distribution of galaxies.

Speaking in astronomical terms there is no determined color for old dying stars. It just matters what type of star it is. For example, red giants like Betelgeuse or Antares are the most common stars these red giants also are in the same class as hyper giants a more massive red star. They generally go from a living bright orange to a dying dark red.

the Virgo cluster of galaxies is about 60 million light years away from the Sun.

It would look dark and thin on the edges, and getting oh so thicker and brighter near the center.

The Crab Nebula is a supernova remnant and pulsar wind nebula.

An estimation of the absolute magnitude is −20.9.

See related question.

The little dipper is in our Milky Way Galaxy, actually not all that far from us. It is above the big dipper, so that it appears to be pouring into the big dipper. If you can see the north star, that is the tail (or end of the handle) of the little dipper. The middle stars of the little dipper are somewhat faint, but the two outside stars of the top and bottom of the little dipper pan are about as bright as the north star.

Yes and no.

A galaxy itself cannot be destroyed. It is made up of billions of stars held together by massive gravitation influences.

Galaxies, do "collide" with other galaxies, but they do not "hit" more like merge into one another, forming a larger more massive galaxy.

So if galaxy A merges with galaxy B we might call the merger galaxy C. Galaxy A and B therefore no longer exist, so you could say that they have been destroyed, but all the original matter of the galaxy still exists, just in another form.

See related link for more information.

No, The Local Group is not. The local group is just an small cluster of a few galaxies on the outskirts of the Local Super-cluster which the Virgo cluster is in the center of it.

Actually, it doesn't matter what kind of galaxy it is, because it depends on what kind of stars are in it. If a galaxy has a lot of red giants, it will appear redder than a galaxy with mostly blue-white stars. Older galaxies might be redder than younger galaxies due to the fact that older stars appear redder.

The Universe is the largest body in the...well, the Universe. It never stops expanding.

The Universe is full of billions of galaxies, which range in shape and size. However, none are even close to being compared in size to the Universe.

I think the least common is elliptical or irregular..

By studying galaxies much farther away. The logic behind that is that since distances are so great in deep space and light can take billions of years to cross those distances, you can see what a galaxy looked like a billion years ago if it is located a billion light-years away. It is possible to get an idea of galaxy evolution because of that.

People also model galaxy evolution on super computers by throughing in real life parameters. While not real galaxies, if the model works then it's most probably because the parameters that have been programmed into the computer are correct and that scientists are onto something.