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Geology

Do you ever wonder why one river is straight and flows quickly while another meanders along curves and seems to be slow and peaceful, or how the mountains were formed? Geology is the study of the earth, its materials, and the processes acting upon them. It includes the study of rocks and minerals; and their formation, weathering, and metamorphosis. So, when you need an answer to a question about rivers, mountains, volcanoes, rock cycles, plate tectonics, or other geological aspects, our Geology category is the place to ask it.

500 Questions

What are the characteristics of basic lava?

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Basic lava comes from shield volcanoes, Basic lava is runny and flows faster.

What are the 8 most common elements in the earths crust?

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The eight most common elements in the Earth's crust are as follows (with percentages):

  • Oxygen (O) 46.6%
  • Silicon (Si) 27.7%
  • Aluminum (Al) 8.1%
  • Iron (Fe) 5.0%
  • Calcium (Ca) 3.6%
  • Sodium (Na) 2.8%
  • Potassium (K) 2.6%
  • Magnesium (Mg) 2.1%

What is the difference between flood and erosion?

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A flood is an event where water moves onto an area of land where there isn't normally water. Erosion is the process by which rock fragments are carried away to other locations. Floods can causes erosion, but they don't always, nor are the necessary.

How is an orthophoto map different from a topographic map?

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An orthophosphate map is black and white while the toptgraphical map is in colour.

Can slate turn into another metamorphic rock?

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Yes, slate, which is a fine-grained metamorphic rock formed from the metamorphism of shale, can further undergo metamorphism to transform into another metamorphic rock. The process of changing one metamorphic rock into another is known as metamorphic progression or metamorphic differentiation.

If slate undergoes increased heat and pressure over time, it can undergo further metamorphism and transform into a different type of metamorphic rock. The specific type of rock it may transform into depends on the intensity of the metamorphic conditions. For example, if the temperature and pressure increase significantly, slate might progress to phyllite, schist, and eventually, if conditions are extreme, it could transform into gneiss.

Metamorphic rocks form through the alteration of existing rocks (igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks) due to heat, pressure, or chemically reactive fluids over geological time. The process of metamorphism involves changes in mineral composition, texture, and structure.

Ridges of land where a river winds?

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River Banks, or 'Levees'.

What countries are part of the mid ocean ridge?

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Since it is called the 'mid ocean ridge' , it is in the middle of the ocean, far from land/countries.

However, with one exception, Iceland. The mid Atlantic ocean ridge continues above the surface of the ocean, and has formed the island of Iceland.

Is limestone a silicate mineral?

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No. Dolomite is formed by the replacement of Calcium in the mineral calcite by Magnesium, giving the chemical formula (Ca,Mg)CaCO3. Rocks formed largely of calcite are called limestones, and those which show extensive Magnesium substitution in calcite are called Dolomitic limestones.

A rock that contains a metal or economically useful mineral is called a?

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This is a raw material (feedstock).

What is CaCO3 known as other than limestone?

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CaCO3 is calcium carbonate.

Its other mineral names are calcite, chalk, and marble.

What rocks can Granite change into?

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Granite, or any other rock for that matter, can become metamorphic, sedimentary, or igneous at any time. If the granite is weathered and eroded by wind, water, etc. and the lithified (cemented), it becomes a sedimentary rock. If it melts within the Earth under extreme temperatures and then cools to a solid state, it is an igneous rock. Likewise, if the granite is exposed to extreme temperature and pressure, it can change back into a metamorphic rock. Like I said, these same processes hold true for any rock or mineral in what is known as the Rock Cycle.

How can an igneous or metamorphic rock change into a sedimentary rock?

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A sedimentary rock can change from that to a metamorphic rock then into an Igneous rock. e.g. Mudstone (sedimentary) is in the Zone of Diagenesis, when it is subjected to regional metamorphism (in mountain belts) it changes from a mudstone to a slate (low grade) then to a Phillite (medium grade) then a Schist (medium) then a gneiss (high grade) then into a Milonite (high grade) then once past the line of partial melting it has so much pressure and so much temperature that it turns into an Igneos rock. This is the basic explanation of this. If you want to know more, just ask me.
Sedimentary rocks are changed into metamorphic by being buried deep enough that the heat and pressure alter their text, mineralogy, or other characteristics.

The solid part of the Earth's surface?

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The solid part of the Earth's surface is known as the Earth's crust. Comprising both the continental crust and the oceanic crust, it is the outermost layer of the Earth. The continental crust, primarily composed of granite, forms the continents, while the oceanic crust, composed mainly of basalt, underlies the ocean floors. The Earth's crust is crucial for supporting life and geological processes, providing a solid foundation for the diverse ecosystems on land and influencing the planet's geophysical dynamics, such as tectonic movements and volcanic activity.

Weight of rock?

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If you are talking about construction material aggregate is one ingredient in asphalt, concrete and other materials . It can be stone, sand, recycled ground up concrete, ground up recycled asphalt, plastics and many other materials.

What type of plate boundary is found in Southern California?

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What rock can float on water out of quartz pumice marble and sandstone?

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No matter the weight ,size, texture and material density.. all can float...all..if you flash cool any stone while it's boiling in a crucible..it will be pumice.. even steel and iron float..just need a little air trapped inside..how do you think they stood up obelisk 's or built the pyramids? We are the doorknobs not them..in our defence ..we would think of it ourselves again if we had too..simple logic..don't believe everything your told..review everything yourself..what would you do? What would you think? Do you know what nasa means in Hebrew?

Can sandstone rock float on water?

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No matter the weight ,size, texture and material density.. all can float...all..if you flash cool any stone while it's boiling in a crucible..it will be pumice.. even steel and iron float..just need a little air trapped inside..how do you think they stood up obelisk 's or built the pyramids? We are the doorknobs not them..in our defence ..we would think of it ourselves again if we had too..simple logic..don't believe everything your told..review everything yourself..what would you do? What would you think? Do you know what nasa means in Hebrew?

Coal felsic or mafic?

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Neither. The terms mafic and felsic apply to silicate igenous rocks. Coal is neither igneous nor is it composed of silicates. Coal is an organic sedimentary rock.

Coal is not classified as a mineral because it comes?

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Coal is not considered a mineral because it is of organic origin.

Where can one purchase quartz countertops?

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Colonial Countertops, Countertop Specialty, Silestone and Midland Granite Worktops are companies who offer quartz countertops for your kitchen or bathroom.

How do you measure the mass of a grain of sand?

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This depends on the composition of the individual grain (which will effect it's density) and also on the size of the grain.

Geologists and civil engineers split sand into 3 grades, from course (0.6 - 2 mm diameter), through medium (0.2 - 0.6 mm diameter) to fine (0.06 - 0.2 mm).

As such sand is defined based on the size of the grains, not necessarily their composition. Sand grain composition can vary significantly however by far the most common mineral forming sand is quartz. Quartz has a density of 2650 kg / m cubed.

As such a quartz sand grain may weigh as little as 0.007 grams and as much as 8 grams.

Is limestone pure substance or mixture?

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Limestone is a substance composed mainly of calcium carbonate. It's not a mixture but a compound formed naturally. Delve deeper into its properties and formation in my free course. Join now to unravel the secrets of this intriguing mineral and broaden your scientific understanding. Take the course today!

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