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Nervous System
This category is for questions about the mechanical and chemical process of reactions to internal and external stimuli, ranging from the brain down to the spinal cord, and all nerves, cells and tissues in between.
3,047 Questions
How are the nervous system and cardiovascular system connected?
1. Endothelial cells maintain the blood-brain barrier.
2. Baroreceptors send information to the brain about blood pressure.
3. Cerebrospinal fluid drains into the venour blood supply.
4. The brain suggests heart rate and blood pressure.
nervous system needs nutrients from th circulatory system
Yes it is true that graded potential can be called postsynaptic potentials. When a sensory neuron is excited by some form of energy, the resulting graded potential is called generator potential.
Nerves are composed of nerve cells; the long connecting parts of the nerve cells are called axons. The biochemistry of nerve cells is similar to that of other cells, but they do have an insulating layer, the myelin sheath, which gives them a relatively high concentration of fat.
What cells in the eye that detect black and white?
Cones help distinguish color. Rods help us with black and white.
What vertebrae openings provide an exit for spinal nerves?
There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves:
- Cervical- 8 pair
- Thoracic- 12 pair
- Lumbar- 5 pair
- Sacral- 5 pair
- Coccygeal- 1 pair
Most exit through their intervertebral foramen (openings in between and towards the back of the vertebra of the spinal column), spinal nerves are named according to the vertebrae they exit from.
The first pair of spinal nerves exits between the occipital bone of the skull and the first cervical vertebra.
The Sacral and Coccygeal nerves exit from the sacrum (the five fused vertebrae at the base of the spine) through the sacral foramina (openings or holes on running down along both sides of the sacrum).
What is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain?
Acetylcholine- it is widespread throughout the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and brain stem. Norepinephrine- it is located in the brain stem, particularly in the locus coeruleus of the midbrain; limbic system; some areas of the cerebral cortex. Dopamine- located in the substantia nigra of the midbrain; hypothalamus; is the principal neurotransmitter of the extrapyramidal system. Serotonin- Histamine ATP Andenosine GABA Glutamate Glycine Endorphines Tachykinins Somatostatin Nitic Oxide Acetylcholine- it is widespread throughout the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and brain stem. Norepinephrine- it is located in the brain stem, particularly in the locus coeruleus of the midbrain; limbic system; some areas of the cerebral cortex. Dopamine- located in the substantia nigra of the midbrain; hypothalamus; is the principal neurotransmitter of the extrapyramidal system. Serotonin- Histamine ATP Andenosine GABA Glutamate Glycine Endorphines Tachykinins Somatostatin Nitic Oxide
How nervous system contributes to the maintenance of homeostasis?
The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord and nerves, all of which play a vital role in homeostasis.
For example : Thermoregulation, increase in body temperature.
In humans when the blood temperature is above average, receptors detect the heat. Nerve impulses pass information to the hyperthalmus (in the brain). The hyperthalmus activates effectors (eg, blood vessels , sweat glands, endocrine glands and skeletal muscles), thus lowering the temperature.
What is a brain structure that activates the nervous system in response to stress?
When a person is under stress, the hypothalamus signals the adrenal glands to release hormones, mainly cortisol, growth hormone, and norepinephrine. Cortisol is believed to affect the metabolic system causing faster heartbeat, quicker breathing and higher blood pressure and metabolism. Norepinephrine is believed to play a role in depression and hypertension. Blood vessels also expand while under stress, allowing blood to flow towards muscles. This keeps the muscles alert. Pupils are dilated, enhancing vision. Liver releases glucose, providing energy to the body. Sweating is evident as it serves to cool the body. These changes are the manifestations of an individual's stress response. This response allows the person to react quickly to stressful situations. Stress hormones increase in the body during any neuroendocrine reaction and they remain high for up to 72 hours. After 72 hours, hormones return to their normal levels. When the person is exposed to a stressful situation for prolonged amounts of time, the effects can have a wear and tear on the body. The neuroendocrine reactions are an adaptation that allowed humans to react when in danger. If a person was getting attacked, their energy should not be focused on digestion or metabolism. It should be used to survive. So, if the stressor is not removed, the person's body will be harming itself and not maintaining balance normally. One indication that a person has not recovered from a stressful situation is that they will get fatigue or illness. The body is not functioning normally and this can lead to weakened immune system and not getting enough sleep. Stress can also cause headaches, an upset stomach, and back pain. It can also make a person moody, tense, or depressed. Their relationships may suffer, and they may not do well at work or school. If these symptoms do not dissipate, one would assume that they have not recovered from the stressful situation.
What are the openings providing for exit of spinal nerves?
Vertebral foramen are the spaces between adjacent vertebrae where the spinal nerves exit the spinal canal.
What part of the nervous s ystem is not working if you are paralyzed?
Usually the spinal chord has been damaged.
How many types of nerve fibers are in the skin?
Sensory receptors in the skin (cutaneous receptors) are generally of the mechanoreceptor, nociceptor, and thermoreceptor types. Mechanoreceptors sense pressure (such as touch) and vibrations and for example include Meissner corpuscles, Merkel disks, Ruffini corpuscles and Pacinian corpuscles. Nociceptors sense pain caused by damage. Thermoreceptors convey feelings of heat or cold. Chemoreceptors that sense the presence of specific chemicals are sometimes present depending on location but are generally not found on exposed skin.
The nervous system is the major system of the organism?
control; ur welcome i try my best to answer these questions! i don't mean to sound cocky but if i am, i am sorry.
The nervous system recieves information from your senses analyzes it and decides how your body should respond some decisions are made in our brain and some are spinal reflexes.The crebrum is responsible for thoughts and learning processes.The cerebellum controls uoluntary muscle movement.The brain stem takes care of all involuntary functions.
Fact:All the other systems in your body will not work without the nervous system.
What cranial nerves are not associated with the brainstem?
The olfactory bulbs [I] and the optic nerve [II]
How does the hormones and the nervous system interact?
Hormones regulate pretty much everything you can think of. From growth, to metabolism, to digestion, to stress responses, to the ability to reproduce - including the initial libido that gets you there, how awake or sleepy you are, all are related to hormones.
Attached is a link that lists hormones and their functions.
The bundle of the nerve fibers is a collection of the threadlike extension of the nerve cell that consists of the myelin sheath and axon in the nervous system. There are nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system.
What are some examples of central nervous system depressants?
include a wide range of drugs such as alcohol, narcotics, barbiturates (Amytal, Nembutal, Seconal), benzodiazepines (Ativan, Halcion, Librium, Valium, Xanax), chloral hydrate, and methaqualone (Quaaludes).
Collection of nerve cell bodies found outside CNS?
In the peripheral nervous system, which is outside the central nervous system (CNS), collections of nerve cell bodies are called ganglia.
What does central nervous system includes?
The central nervous system has two organs, the brain and the spinal cord.
What system controls muscles and regulates body activity?
The nervous system controls muscles and glands by electrical impulses.
What membranes are between the central nervous system and its bony coverings?
The meninges which are composed of the dura mater, arachnoid membrane, and the pia mater.
What part of the nervous system controls strong emotions such as fear and anger?
It depends on what kind of feelings. In ancient times, before even I was born, people believed that the heart was the center of all human emotions. (They also believed that the brain served no actual purpose and, in some cases, they are correct.)
The cerebellum (little brain) has been implicated in the regulation of many differing functional traits such as affection, emotion and behavior. The posterior cerebellum has activation linked to happiness.
As far a feelings (touch, taste, smell, etc.) the sensory endings of the peripheral nervous system is involved. The brain also plays a part as it interpreters these feelings.
