Polar Exploration

Sir Hubert Wilkins was an Australian polar explorer, aviator, and photographer. He is known for his numerous expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic regions, as well as for being the first person to fly over both polar regions. Wilkins made significant contributions to the field of exploration and photography during the early 20th century.

The first man to reach the north pole was Robert Peary in 1909. He made it there with his employee Matthew Henson and their Inuit guides. Peary's claim was disputed when he returned home but as of today he is recognized as the first man to reach the north pole.

Peary's claim to have reached the North Pole is very widely doubted nowadays. Mainly due to lack of evidence in his omission to produce records of observed data for steering: for the direction (variation) of the compass, and for his longitudinal position at any time

Robert Falcon Scott CVO (6 June 1868 - 29 March 1912) was an English Royal Navy officer and explorer who led two expeditions to the Antarctic regions: the Discovery Expedition and the Terra Nova Expedition, during which Captain Scott died.

Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton, CVO, OBE (15 February 1874 - 5 January 1922) was an Anglo-Irish explorer who was one of the principal figures of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.

I contacted the Scott Polar Research Institute, Thomas H Manning Polar Archives as there was some doubt over the number of sisters Scott had. Some sites on the web state 2, some 3, others 4. The answer they gave me is 4 sisters, one brother. They are Ettie / Rose / Grace / Archie and Katherine.

Sir Ernest Shackleton achieved renown for his leadership in the Endurance expedition, where he successfully rescued all of his crew after their ship became trapped in ice in the Antarctic. His leadership, courage, and determination in the face of adversity have made him a legendary figure in the history of exploration.

Roald Amundsen, a Norwegian explorer, beat Robert Falcon Scott in the race to the South Pole in 1912. Amundsen and his team arrived at the pole on December 14, 1911, while Scott's team reached it on January 17, 1912, only to discover they had been beaten.

Captain Robert Falcon Scott was an Antarctic explorer who died at the age of 43 on his return journey from the South Pole in March 1912.

On his first journey -- 1901-1904, the team only reached 89 degrees S, one degree short of the South Pole So he led another expedition to stand at the South Pole. From a distance of about 3 km away he saw a Norwegian flag: he must of been heart broken.

The notable expedition to the South Pole in 1912 was led by British explorer Robert Falcon Scott. Members of his team included Edward Wilson, Henry Bowers, Lawrence Oates, and Edgar Evans, who tragically lost their lives on the return journey.

Sir Ernest Shackleton's most famous Antarctic expedition was the Endurance expedition in 1914-1917. Shackleton did not reach the South Pole during this expedition, but he made heroic efforts to save his crew after their ship was crushed in the ice.

Both Amundsen's team and Scott's team left their native countries in 1910. Amundsen left on June 3, 1910 and Scott left on June 16, 1910.

Amundsen's published intent was to sail to the North Pole instead. While underway, Amundsen declared that he was 'proceeding Antarctic.'

Scott got to the Antarctic on January 4, 1911, and Amundsen got the the Antarctic on January 14th, 1911.

Amundsen's expedition began on October 20, 1911, and Scott's Expedition began on November 1, 1911.

It is unclear, then, which was the second group.

Robert Falcon Scott took supplies such as food, fuel, tents, clothing, sledges, and communication equipment for his journey to the South Pole. He also brought a team of experienced explorers, scientists, and expedition members to support him.

This is a heavily debated question, but the likely answer is no. He was unlucky on several occasions, but most of his failings cannot be chalked down to his foolishness when considered in Edwardian terms (the time when was Scott exploring the Antarctic).

It must be remembered that he was chosen to lead two national expeditions, which is a huge responsibility and honour, especially in those days.

Because Roald Amundsen was better prepared and had more luck than him.

That is a very simplistic way of looking at it.

1, Amundsen's route was shorter.

2, He had the better weather.

3, Amundsen's journey was simply a dash for the Pole. He did no surveying, no scientific work, in fact during the journey only two photographs were taken.

Scott's scientific work was that much that scientists only finished analysing it in the 1960's.

Robert Falcon Scott was racing against Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen to be the first to reach the South Pole. Amundsen ultimately beat Scott to the pole in 1911. Scott's expedition ended tragically with the loss of all members on their return journey.

The first person to reach the North Pole is disputed, but some sources credit Robert Peary for reaching the North Pole in 1909. However, there are claims that other explorers like Frederick Cook or Roald Amundsen reached it earlier.

A search party of men from his Terra Nova expedition found his tent eight months after he had perished with his two companions.

The Search Party was divided into two teams. The first consisted of Charles Wright (Physicist), Tryggve Gran (ski instructor), Edward Nelson (biologist), Tom Crean (P.O. RN), Frederick Hooper (steward, late RN), Thomas Williamson (P.O. RN), Patrick Keohane (P.O. RN), and Bill Lashly (Chief Stoker RN), who led a team of mules.

The second team was a dog-sledge party of Dr Edward Atkinson (surgeon, parasitologist, and the highest ranked officer left after Scott's death), Apsley Cherry-Garrard (Assistant Zoologist), and Dmitri Gerof (dog handler).

These men built a snow cairn over the tent as a memorial monument and brought the news of Scott's death, as well as the men's diaries, photographs, and records, back to civilisation. The bodies of Scott's other two companions from the journey to the South Pole, Captain Lawrence Oates and P.O. Edgar Evans, were never found by the Search Party.

Two parties were involved in the search for Captain Robert F. Scott and the Polar Party, under the overall command of Dr Edward Atkinson (Lt-Surgeon RN). There was an eight-man mule party of Charles Wright (Physicist), Tryggve Gran (ski instructor), Edward Nelson (biologist), Tom Crean (P.O. RN), Frederick Hooper (steward, late RN), Thomas Williamson (P.O. RN , Patrick Keohane (P.O. RN), and Bill Lashly (Chief Stoker RN), under the command of Wright. They were joined by a dog party of Atkinson, Apsley Cherry-Garrard (Assistant Zoologist), and Dmitri Gerof (dog handler), under the command of Atkinson. The tent containing the bodies of Scott, Henry Bowers (Lt, RIM), and Dr Edward Wilson were found on 12 November 1912.

James Weddell accomplished the farthest south exploration of the Antarctic region in 1823, reaching a point at 74°15′S, which later became known as the Weddell Sea. He also discovered new sealing grounds in the Southern Ocean and made valuable contributions to the understanding of Antarctic geography and weather patterns.

John Davis was an English explorer who is known for his expeditions to the Arctic and the Davis Strait. He is credited with discovering and mapping large parts of the coastline of Greenland. Davis also made significant contributions to navigational knowledge of the Arctic region.

Robert Scott was a British naval officer and explorer who led two expeditions to Antarctica in the early 20th century. His most famous expedition, the Terra Nova Expedition (1910-1913), aimed to reach the South Pole. Although Scott and his team reached the pole only to find that they had been beaten by Roald Amundsen's party, the expedition contributed valuable scientific data and knowledge of Antarctic conditions. Scott's journals and accounts of the journey have provided insights into polar exploration and the challenges faced by early explorers.

I can think of better ways to die, than a slow lingering death from starvation and extreme cold. No, Scott did not commit suicide.
A number of factors have to be considered in the deaths of that team ranging from size of team going through to use of dogs, rations, gear used, weather and not leaving out bungling or just plain bad luck.

Richard Byrd is famous for being an American naval officer and explorer who made several flights over the North and South Poles in the early 20th century. He was the first to fly over the North Pole in 1926 and over the South Pole in 1929, establishing himself as a pioneer in polar exploration.

The rations allocated for the Scott crew were inadequate and nutritionally lacking, while Amundsen's contained the necessary B and C vitamins. Scott used ponies for hauling, while Amundsen used the more adaptable dogs. Amundsen's team had adequate fuel allocation, due to planning, that allowed them to melt ice to drink, while Scott had a shortage of fuel that did not allow them to melt ice into water, and thus suffered from dehydration.

Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen led the first Russian expedition to Antarctica in 1819-1821 to explore and map the region. The primary objectives were to gather scientific data, expand Russian geographical knowledge, and search for new lands. The expedition also aimed to study the natural history and climate of Antarctica.

Roald Amundsen's purpose of exploration was to be the first to reach the South Pole. He wanted to achieve this feat before any other explorers, particularly Robert Falcon Scott's expedition.