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Red Shift
When the galaxies or other celestial bodies are moving away, the light waves become stretched out, that is, they become redder. This process is called red shift.
221 Questions
How are blue shift and red shift the same?
Light received by an observer is affected if the observer or the source are moving towards or away from one another. This is the Doppler Effect.
This is sort of like a race car.
As it's approaching you, its noise sounds higher in pitch, and lower in pitch as it's moving away from you.
Light waves - just like sound waves - are affected by relative movement between the observer and source.
When the observer is moving away from the light source, the light is shifted to the red end of the light spectrum. The light waves are "stretched". There is further between the peaks of the wave.
So, the wavelength increases. That means a shift from blue to red in the spectrum.
By convention, the shift towards longer wavelengths is called a redshift.
In fact, red light could be shifted to infrared.
"Redshift" just means a change in the observed light towards longer wavelengths.
When the observer is moving towards the light source, th light shifts to the blue end of the light spectrum. We call that a blueshift.
Redshifts can also be caused by the effect of gravity.
Answer2:
Redshift by gravity is F =mGM/r2= vp/r
vp/r=vp/ct=(v/c)p/t = (v/c)mv/t = (v/c)ma.
Gravity creates the velocity v and v/c is the "redshift" due to gravity v and not due to universe expansion of the recession of the body. The redshift of the earth is v/c = 30k/300M = 1/10k.
What does the red shift of a galaxy depend on?
Answer 1
Most galaxies are too far away for us to record the spectrum of a single star. So the spectrum of whole galaxy is recorded. Now enough of these spectra has been recorded to show that all were shifted towards the red, otherwise known as redshift. The phenomena of Doppler effect is such that if an emitter or source is moving away from the observer, the spectral lines are shifted towards the red end. Because of the observed redshift, all the galaxies appear to be going away from us. Also, we see that the farther away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving from us. And once it was realized that the relationship held for all galaxies whose distance was known, the amount of the redshift was used to determine the distance to a galaxy.
Answer 2
Consider that the redshift is telling us that the high redshift galaxies are closer to their gravitational centers where gravity is stronger and the ratio v/c is greater. Mercury has v/c higher than earth, v2/c2 = GM/rc2 . Consider that light slows down in gravity "medium". Consider mv2/r = mv/t (v/c) = ma (v/c).
The redshift does not mean the Universe is expanding, it means rather the Universe is in equilibrium. The redshift is the centrifugal acceleration balancing the gravitational centripetal acceleration.
Redshift = z = the percent change of wavelength = the speed v/c ratio = the cosine of the angle between the velocity and radius to the center of potential energy, gravity or electrical. Thus cos(p) = z = v/c = delta wavelength/wavelength. The closer the bodies is to the gravitational center, the larger the speed v and the larger the redshift and the smaller the angle (p) and the larger the cos(p). The redshift is zero when the velocity is perpendicular to the radius.
Hubble did not agree with the expansion idea and thought that the redshift was an "hitherto unknown principle of nature". The redshift is due to the conservation of energy:E= - mGM/r + mcv giving in the Continuity Equation :
GM/r^2 = cDel.v = (cv/r)cos(p) giving cos(p) = v/c = z.
There is further confusion about the redshift, the centrifugal force cmDel.v is center-fleeing behavior. The deflection is away from the gravity center not towards the gravity center. This redshift is related to the "dark energy" , Momentum Energy, cP, from moving masses. The Earth has redshift z=30k/300M . Is the Earth expanding from the Sun? No the Earth is in Equilibrium with the sun at center and has centrifugal force mcDel.v.
What information did scientists gain from measuring the red shift of stars or galaxies?
Measurement of the red shift makes it possible to determine how quickly an astronomical object is moving away from the Earth. The overall picture of how many different objects are moving helps us to understand the expansion of the universe as a whole.
A shift give, often referred to in the context of work or scheduling, is a type of benefit or incentive provided by employers to encourage employees to take on less desirable shifts or additional hours. This can include bonuses, increased pay rates, or other perks for working during peak times or inconvenient hours. It aims to enhance workforce flexibility and ensure adequate staffing during critical periods.
What does refreshing indicate to astronomers?
I don't think that "refreshing" is a common term in astronomy. If you mean "redshift", please ask a separate question.
No One can shape shift IRL. Unless you count weight loss/weight gain.
In the universe what is the red shift?
The alterations to the electromagnetic spectrum caused by the expansion of the universe.
What is a red shift and what does it mean for a star?
It's a change (decrease) in the frequency of the light we receive from the star. Equivalently, an increase in the wavelength. It usually means the star is moving away from us, though it might also be caused (usually to a lesser extent) by the star's gravitation.
Does a red shift means that are moving closer to earth?
No. A red shift indicates that the object is moving away from the earth.
What can the Doppler effect tell us about in astronomy?
It can tell us whether a star, or a galaxy, is moving towards us or away from us.
The red shift shows the velocity with which an object is moving away from the earth. The red shift of an object is correlated to its distance from the earth and so it is also a measure of the distance.
What are the difference between red shift and blue shift?
The frequency of light from a star is reduced (its wavelength increased) when the star is moving away from the observer. Red light has longer wavelengths than blue light. So the light from a star which is moving away from the earth appears to be redder than it actually was. This phenomenon is similar to the pitch of an ambulance siren dropping as it passes you and is moving away. The true spectrum for light from a star depends on the temperature of the star, but there are characteristic absorption lines (dark lines) in the spectrum which are specific to chemical elements which are present in the outer regions of the stars - such as hydrogen and helium. Light from within the star is absorbed by the atoms of these elements when they move from a low-energy state to one with a higher energy level. A comparison of where in the spectrum these lines appear to be against where they should be (for a stationary) star are a measure of the red-shift (or blue shift).
A red shift is observed if an object is moving away from the earth while a blue shift is observed if it is approaching the earth.
How is the red shift evidence for the big bang theory?
Briefly, redshift shows that most objects move away from us; this means that the Universe is expanding.
Red shift occurs when an object is moving away from the observer.
What is the difference between the red shift and the blue shift?
A "redshift" is a change in the light observed from a source to longer wavelengths.
That's a change from the blue end of the spectrum to the red end
of the spectrum.
A "blueshift" is the opposite. It's a change towards shorter wavelengths.
How do red and blue shift show movement of objects in space?
If the distance between us and a object emitting a wave (sound or light) is increasing, then the wavelength of the wave it emits will be red-shifted.
If the distance is decreasing, it will be blue-shifted.
This is true for a car driving towards us with its horn blaring, or a distant galaxy emitting hydrogen lines.
He concluded that all of space was expanding.
Answer2:
Hubble did not conclude that all space was expanding! Hubble concluded that he did not know what the redshift was.
1. "Red shifts represent Doppler effects, physical recession of the nebulae, or the action of some hitherto unrecognized principle in nature."
2. If the nebulae are stationary, the law of red shifts is sensibly linear ; red shifts are a constant multiple of distances. In other words, each unit of light path contributes the same amount of red shift.
3. On the other hand, if the nebulae are receding, and the dimming factors are applied, the scale of distances is altered, and the law of red shifts is no longer linear. The rate of expansion increases more and more rapidly with distance. The significance of this result becomes clear when the picture is reversed. Light that reaches us today left the distant nebulae far back in the dim past - hundreds of millions of years ago. When we say that the rate of expansion increases with distance, we are saying that long ago, the universe was expanding much faster than it is today ; that, for the last several million years at least, the rate of expansion has been slowing down. Therefore, the so-called "age of the universe," the time interval since the expansion began, is much shorter than the 1800 million years suggested by a linear law of red shifts. If the measures are reliable, the interval would be less than 1000 million years - a fraction of the age of the earth and comparable with the history of life on the earth. The nature of the expansion is permissible and, in fact, specifies certain types of possible worlds. But the time scale is probably not acceptable. Either the measures are unreliable or red shifts do not represent expansion of the universe.
Hubble admits to not knowing what the red shift is, he considers it a. Doppler effects, b. physical recession of the nebulae, or c. the action of some hitherto unrecognized principle in nature. The answer is c. the hitherto unrecognized principle in nature. The short answer is the red shift is the inverse of the refreaction coefficient, v/c= 1/n. The red shift is derived from the so-called "dark Energy", cP = cmV. Current Theories do not account for this because they do not recognize vector energy cP and Quaternion energy,
W = -vh/l + cP = -vp + cP
The red shift comes from the Continuity Condition where the centripetal force vp/r is balanced by the centrifugal force cDEL.P= -cp/r cos(P) thud
vp/r=cp/r cos(P) gives
v/c=cos(P) = 1/n
This is the hitherto unrecognized prijnciple of nature, the Divergence of the vector energy produces the anti-gravity force (centrifugal ) that prevents the gravitational collapse, the earth from falling into the sun and the electrons from falling into the nucleus. Newton and Einstein did not consider the energy, cP, associated with momentum P, that is the "Dark Energy". This energy cP is the particel energy with different velocities v=(GM/r)^.5 for mass; v=Alpha Z c for electrons; and v=c for photons. Mass n= c/v; electrons n= alpha Z; and photons n=1.
