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Scientific Notation

Scientific notation is the expression of a number based on the largest exponent of 10 for its value, where the form is a decimal number A x 10n.

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Why is expressing numbers in scientific notation useful?

In the case of large values, it avoids the use of large numbers of trailing zeros or of long strings of non-zero digits when that level of accuracy is not required or simply spurious. Similarly, in the case of very small numbers, it avoids the use of large numbers of leading zeros. The long string of zeros makes it difficult to quickly judge orders of magnitudes and also helps avoid errors.

What is 0000000000000000007 in scientific notation?

The number above is equal to 7 because the zeros left to it are meaningless and a single integer is not normally expressed in scientific notation.