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Scientists

This category is for questions about the people who apply the scientific method to solve problems, introduce new concepts, and strive to explain the natural world.

9,527 Questions

How have scientists started to study relationships between differet groups of organisms?

Scientists most certainly have studied all sorts of relationships that different organisims share with each other, but I guess you could say that 'relationships' is a very wide term.

Scientists, depending on the organisim, would've researched and studied how they interact with not only their birth species but other species organisms as well. The amount of research would depend on the species.

If the term 'relationships' that you are trying to specify involves romantic or mating purposes, than scientists have also invested quite a lot into this as well. They have done quite a lot in terms on how species can possibly mate with each other, but this has pretty much always been done in a labotory and never observed in the wild under natural circumstances. In rare cases in a few species, the offspring, if they have been managed carefully, can be born but will be infertile and unable to reproduce and produce young. E.g, Lions and Tigers have been mated and had an infertile cub, known as a 'Liger.'

However, there has been exceptions, but mostly with species that are very closely related and most of the time, have evolved with the help of scientists over time into domestic breeds. E.g. Most breeds of domestic cats and dogs are able to interbeed.

Is Neil deGrasse Tyson dead?

As of my last knowledge, Neil deGrasse Tyson is alive. He is an astrophysicist, author, and science communicator who is active on social media and continues to engage in public speaking engagements. It is always a good idea to verify this information through a reliable news source or his official social media accounts for the most up-to-date information.

Can you tell me who is kitaw ijigu?

Ethiopian born scientist who worked at NASA and developed the GPS system.

Which is a journal in which scientists publish original scholarly research?

Biology in General and Ecology are both scientific journals that allow scientist to publish articles. An added benefit is the fact that some journals also peer review the articles.

How would your understanding of earths past change if a scientist discovered a mammal fossil from the paleozoic Era?

Finding a Paleozoic fossil would change our thinking completely, we would have to rethink the entire evolution of animals and the conditions on Earth all the way back to and including the Paleozoic. That is 500 million years of geologic history to rewrite.

Who was the scientist that developed a new model of planetary motion?

Isaac newton discovered the three principles of planetary motion

What was Robert Koch religion?

He was not as reliogioud man although baptized Lutheran.

Why did mercuric oxide in lavoisier's reaction chamber weight more than the mercury metal?

The air surrounding said mercury metal was absorbed into the mercury at the higher temperatures, therefore causing the new substance--mercuric oxide--to weigh more.

How would a scientist use a landsat satellite image to determine the amount of pollution being produced by a city?

There is no direct way to measure pollution produced by a city with

Landsat data, but you could calculate the extent (area) of the

city and then potentially extrapolate pollution based pollution-per-area averages.

For more on Landsat & urban growth, see the related link below.

What famous scientist had a low IQ?

The famous scientist that had a low IQ was named: Jin Choi Wong.

He inventing the automatic toothbrush, and the spray bottle.

Hope this helps! :)

Who first coined the word satellite?

Satellite comes via French satellite from Latin satelles 'attendant,escort', which itself probably went back to Etruscan satnal. Its use for a 'body orbiting a planet' is first recorded in English in 1665, and comes from the astronomer Johannes Kepler's application of Latin satelles to the moons of Jupiter.

What is the modern version of these cells called?

The modern version of these cells is called a virus.

What kind of scientists worked with geologists?

Any scientists interested in earth sciences: mineralogist and mining engineer.

Should scientists test the Shroud of Turin?

A:

Scientists have indeed tested the Shroud of Turin. ln 1969 the Archbishop of Turin appointed a secret commission to examine the shroud. That fact was leaked, then denied. The commission included internationally known forensic serologists who made heroic efforts to validate the 'blood', but all of the microscopic, chemical, biological and instrumental tests were negative. Experts discovered reddish granules that would not even dissolve in reagents that dissolve blood, and one investigator found traces of what appeared to be paint. An art expert concluded that the image had been produced by an artistic printing technique. The commission's report was withheld until 1976 and then was largely suppressed, while a rebuttal report was made freely available.

Further examinations were conducted in 1978 by the Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP). STURP was a group of mostly religious believers whose leaders s erved on the Executive Council of the Holy Shroud guild, a Catholic organisation that advocated the cause of the supposed relic.

STURP pathologist Robert Bucklin argued for the images anatomical correctness, yet a footprint on the cloth is inconsistent with the position of the leg to which it is attached, the hair falls as for a standing rather than recumbent figure, and the physique is so unnaturally elongated (similar to figures in Gothic art) that one pro-shroud pathologist concluded that Jesus must have suffered from Marfan's syndrome.

Famed microanalyst, Walter C. McCrone, examined 32 tape-lifted samples from the shroud and identified the 'blood' as tempera paint containing red ochre and vermilion along with traces of rose madder. These were the pigments used by medieval artists to depict blood. He also discovered on the image - but not the background - significant amounts of red ochre pigment. He first thought this was applied as a dry powder but later concluded that it was a component of dilute paint applied in the medieval grisaille (monochromatic) style. McCrone was held to a secrecy agreement, while statements were made to the press that there was no evidence of artistry. He says he was "drummed out" of STURP. Joe Nickell (Science and Religion: Are They Compatible?, Science Versus Shroud Science) says that STURP representatives paid a surprise visit to McCrone's lab to confiscate his samples, then gave them to two late additions to STURP, John Heller and Alan Adler, neither of whom was a forensic serologist or pigment expert. The pair soon proclaimed they had "identified the presence of blood".

The Shroud has also been carbon dated. Three laboratories were each given two samples of cloth, one from the shroud and one control sample. The results all stated that the linen was produced around 1250-1390 CE.

The Catholic Church seems unwilling to allow further tests at this stage, and further tests will in any case be as inconclusive as some claim existing tests have been, unless independence and transparency of the process are assured.

How did Isaac Newton prove the sun is the center of the universe?

Copernicus did not prove it and there was no way of 'proving' it until about 140 years after his time.

Copernicus presented an alternative to the ancient Ptolemaic theory in 1543, and showed that with the Sun in the centre the planets moved round simpler paths in space. Copernicus used circles and epicycles for his theory, just as Ptolemy had done, and he showed that, with the Sun at the centre, some of the major epicycles could be reduced in size to simplify the geometrical details .

About 50 years after Copernicus's time, Tycho Brahe made some new highly accurate measurements of the planets' positions, using equipment designed by himself, and these were then used by Johannes Kepler to produce an entirely new theory published in 1609 which retained Copernicus's idea of placing the Sun at the centre, but the planets' orbits were now elliptical.

Fast forward to 1687 when the publication of Newton's 'Principia' introduced the law of gravity and the laws of motion. Using theory, Newton showed that a planet under the force of gravity must move in an elliptical orbit obeying Kepler's three laws of planetary motion.

After that people started to become convinced that the Sun is at the centre, and Kepler's model is still in use today.

However Ptolemy's geocentric model was used in planetarium mechanisms right up until the advent of computer-controlled planetariums.