Skeletal System

Protrusion of the brain through a defect in the skull is called an encephalocele. It is a type of neural tube defect that occurs when the neural tube (which forms the baby's brain and spinal cord) does not close properly during embryonic development. Encephaloceles can lead to neurological issues and require surgical intervention.

There are two joints at the base of the skull:

- a condyloid joint between the occipital bone of the skull and the first (C1) vertebra, the atlas.

- a pivot joint located between the C1 and C2 cervical vertebrae (atlas and axis).

Diabetes can lead to bone weakening and increased risk of fractures due to a variety of factors, such as poor blood sugar control, reduced bone formation, and increased bone resorption. Chronic high blood sugar levels can impair bone health by affecting bone metabolism and reducing bone density, making bones more susceptible to fractures. It's important for individuals with diabetes to manage their blood sugar levels and incorporate weight-bearing exercises into their routine to help maintain bone health.

The talus bone articulates with both the medial and lateral malleolus of the tibia and fibula, respectively. It forms the ankle joint, allowing for dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot.

Biologists interpret these similarities as evidence of a common ancestry. The presence of homologous structures in diverse species suggests that these organisms share a common evolutionary history. The shared embryonic tissues and bone structures provide insights into the relatedness and evolutionary relationships between different species.

Yes, it is possible to have an extra bone in your foot. One common extra bone is the accessory navicular bone, located on the inner side of the foot near the ankle. This condition may cause foot pain or discomfort and may require medical attention.

The temporal bones, part of the cranium (skull), contain and protect the organs of hearing.

Within the ears are functional, rather than protective, bones of the middle ear. There are three of them, the Maleus, Incus and Stapes. They act to transmit vibrations from the outer ear to the inner ear.

The meaty part below the thumb on your hand is called the thenar eminence. It is composed of muscle and fat that helps to move the thumb and provide strength and dexterity for gripping and grasping objects.

All reptiles, birds, and mammals have the same set of bones in their pelvis, although they may be arranged slightly differently. There are a total of three pairs of bones in the pelvis. These are the two illium, the two ischium, and the two pubis bones.

The jaw is a hinged joint but is special in allowing us to move it in several directions and the ability to use our top jaw as an extention of the bottom allowing us to open our mouths further.

Yes, a ligament is a fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone and provides stability to joints. Ligaments help to support and reinforce the joints by limiting their range of motion and preventing excessive movement.

When the Bullet Hits the Bone is a song by Golden Earring.

The bottom of the tibia. That particular part of the tibia is called the medial malleolus.

"Brainium" is not a recognized term in neuroscience or biology. It may be a made-up or colloquial term used to refer to the brain, but without more context, it is hard to provide a specific meaning or definition.

There are two organs located below the rib cage near the center of the chest. Both the stomach and the spleen are organs located in this general position on the body.

1. Providing structural support and protection for the body by encasing and supporting vital organs and tissues.
2. Allowing for mobility and movement of the body by providing attachment points for muscles and facilitating joint movement.

When you run, the increased breathing rate and movement can put stress on the ligaments and muscles around the ribs, leading to discomfort or pain. It could also be due to poor running posture or not warming up properly. Ensuring proper breathing techniques and gradually building up your running stamina can help alleviate the pain.

The atlas and axis bones are found in the neck region of the spine, known as the cervical spine. The atlas bone is the topmost cervical vertebra that holds up the skull, while the axis bone is located just below the atlas and allows for rotational movement of the head.

A small projection or outgrowth on a bone is called a tubercle. Tubercles serve as attachment points for ligaments, tendons, and muscles, contributing to joint stability and movement. They can vary in size and shape depending on their location in the body.

The vertebrae make up the center of the skeleton. These bones are stacked on top of each other to form the spinal column, which plays a crucial role in supporting the body and protecting the spinal cord.

The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) innervates most of the viscera in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities, including the heart, lungs, stomach, liver, and intestines. It plays a major role in regulating essential functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing.

It is cartilage until you get to the top of your bridge

"Red bone" is a slang term used in the African American community to describe someone with a lighter complexion, often with a hint of reddish undertones. It is not considered a derogatory term, but it can be seen as colorist as it reinforces certain beauty standards based on skin tone.

True ribs protect the heart, lungs and the diaphragm.

The order of ribs from superior to inferior is:

1. True ribs (1-7)
2. False ribs (8-10)
3. Floating ribs (11-12)