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Submarines
Submarines are naval craft that can operate for an extended period of time underwater. They are used primarily as warships, as well as for business, scientific and other purposes. Submarines are different from submersibles, which only have limited underwater capability.
2,056 Questions
What role did US submarines play in World War 2?
US subs served mainly in the pacific, operations in the Atlantic were minimal.
US subs did to Japan what German subs wanted to do to Britain. Wipe out merchant navy!
After a bad start �magnetic detonators didn�t work at all, mechanic detonators hardly worked and the torpedoes ran several feet deeper than they should- US subs sank 201 warships and close to 1100 merchant ships, reducing the Japanese merchant navy from 6 million grt to 1.8 million. What was left were mainly small wooden ships sailing in coastal waters.
Japan cared very little about protecting their merchant ships. Organisation and technology to fight submarines were just a joke and contributed a lot to the US success.
US subs projected power to Japan as no other sea vessel ever did. Sending millions of tons of greatley needed Japanese war supplies to the bottom turned the tide of the war for America. Japan could not build ships faster than we could sink them and was literally threadbare and choked off of supplies at the end of the war. Submarines have long been underrated in their ww2 contribution. Truly the sub fleet of the Pacific won the war against Japan.
Not to repeat, it could be argued that the Submarine force won the war in the Pacific. In fairness, however, had Japan not had the island hopping campaigns of Nimitz and MacArthur to deal with, it is unlikely the sub force would have been as effective. In short, the multi-faceted Army-Navy-Marine Corps battles, along with the relentless attacks by the U.S. Submarine Force, won the war.
In terms of efficiency, however, the submarine force destroyed 90% of the merchant fleet with which Japan started with war and also destroyed one-third of the Imperial Japanese Fleet. This while at no time did the submarine force comprise more than 2% of the Navy's men and materiel.
And the sub force started the war with virtually no effective submarine tactics (the Navy had spent the previous ten years trying to develop a submarine to operate with the surface fleet, primarily as scouts) and the infamous Mark 10 torpedo and Mark 14 magnetic exploder. It took nearly three years and the loss of many men and many careers before the Bureau of Ordnance was finally convinced of its folly. Had Admiral Lockwood not been willing to put his own career on the line, there might never have been a reliable working torpedo in WWII. And even after fixing the Mark 10, they (Bureau of Ordnance) did not listen to the sub captains, and as a result at least two U.S. submarines were sunk by their own malfunctioning Mark 18 electric torpedoes (read "Clear the Bridge! War Patrols of the USS Tang").
Politics and bureaucracy do not take vacation during war. They remain with their promises and their paperwork, respectively, doing good for themselves and everyone else be damned.
What TV series was about German submarine played by HMS Andrew?
HMS Andrew (P423) was a Royal Navy Amphion-class DE submarine, and the only RN submarine to bear that name. Her only use as a film set was in the 1959 movie "On the Beach". She was used because at the time, the U.S. Navy wouldn't allow the use of its own nuclear submarines for filming purposes.
Who put nuclear power in submarines?
The "Father of the Nuclear Navy" who started it all with the Nautilus was one of my old bosses, Admiral Hyman G. Rickover. Rickover was the one who put it all together and made Nuclear propulsion for submarines and ships a reality. To date, the Navy has a perfect reactor operation record, and all due to his methods and leadership. There are a couple of quotes of his that are favorites of mine on my bio page if you're interested.
Rickover personally interviewed and selected every Engineering Officer in the Navy who wanted a Nuclear career - in doing so, he effectively made the CO's of every Nuclear vessel in the Navy, since line officers must be Engineer Officers first before they can command a Nuclear vessel.
One story widely known is that he used to have lunch with a prospective EO and watch to see if the person seasoned his food before or after tasting it. If he seasoned it before tasting, he was rejected - the reason being that if you season it before tasting, you're assuming that it needs it. The Nuclear Power program does not tolerate mistakes or assumptions of any kind. A single administrative mistake can cost an officer his career.
What do they eat on submarines?
Submariners historically enjoy better food than the rest of the fleet, in part because it's hazardous duty, and also because of the smaller crews. Food is more easily prepared for just over a hundred, as opposed to several hundred or a few thousand on large ships.
Unlike ships, who can resupply regularly, fresh stuff goes pretty fast aboard a submarine once you get underway. Fresh fruit and veggies, along with fresh milk, is usually gone within a couple of weeks. Eggs, when preserved properly, can last up to 6 weeks. It's good since the powdered eggs aren't that great.
For beverages, soda machines, bug juice (essentially Kool-Aid), coffee and tea (a true submariner can carry a tray of 6 cups of coffee up a ladder in State 3 seas without spilling a drop) and water are the choices. Usually there's also hot chocolate packages that you can mix with hot water as well, but we used to mix them with fresh coffee. Coffee is available as either instant or brewed, though a lot of us used to add brewed coffee to a half-cup of instant coffee grains for that extra caffeine jolt during those days when you're doing drills and are at Battlestations for 30 or 40 hours with only an hour or so of sleep when you can get it.
We didn't have a soda machine on my boat, but I, like some others, used to bring canned soda with us onboard for long trips. Modern boats have regular soda machines like restaurants/fast food joints.
The soft ice cream machine is arguably one of the most important machines aboard. Powdered milk really sucks, so when fresh milk goes, the ice cream machine is the only good source of calcium that the crew gets. I remember one incident where my first CO wanted to put a restriction on the ice cream machine, but was overruled by the Doc, citing crew health needs.
In addition to frozen food (beef, pork, fish, shellfish, etc.) there are refrigerated foods (butter, cheese, ham, salami, etc.), and a lot of canned stuff (veggies, tamales, beans, you name it). Just about anything you could get at a decent restaurant or make at home is made aboard a submarine.
There are times when cooks need to be creative though. During our trip to the North Pole in '86 (some pics on my Supervisor Bio) we lost our refrigerant capacity after about 2 weeks deployed, and returning to base wasn't an option. We dumped a lot of bad food on the ice, and though we packed the freezers with chopped blocks of ice and we got fresh stores from one of the ice camps, it didn't last long. They gave us 5 gallon containers of ice cream; we knew it wouldn't keep, so we had a crew-wide ice cream eating party before it all melted. The absolute best was when one of the ice camp helos brought us our mail and some fresh oranges and veggies. The thing you crave the most after about a month is fresh veggies and fruit; those oranges were fantastic.
We put a lot of the canned refrigerated stuff in one of the torpedo tubes, since the water in the Arctic is a constant 28 degrees. The cooks got pretty creative with the canned stuff as well (amazing what they did with canned tamales) though to this day I don't eat ham and cheese sandwiches since it was the only thing that didn't spoil we had a lot of. The worst part was that our mission required us to stay under the ice, and the ice in the freezers had melted, leaving about a ton of rotting food inside. We couldn't dump it through the trash chute until we could come to Periscope Depth and run a ventilation chute directly to the freezer. I still remember when they cracked open the freezer - even with the blower running and pulling the air directly from the freezer area, the smell of rotting meat went through the boat in an instant. It took 2 months for me to start eating steak again, and I lost about 70lbs on that trip. Others lost a lot of weight as well, but I should point out that those of us who lost a lot were trying to lose it. Having food problems just made it easier.
Occasionally a specific port visit will bring surprises; when we went to Groton (Submarine Base) for pre-deployment training one year, the CO bought the crew several cases of Maine lobster tails. Along with some steaks from the freezer, they were mighty tasty....
What was the name of the first submarine to travel under water around the world?
USS Triton (SSRN/SSN 586)
What countries used submarines in World War I?
Germany was first to use submarines in World War 1 knwn as " U- 2 ". Later on UK and USA produced their own version. - b sharma.
What is the correct way to say Submariner vs Submarineer what is the difference?
The proper pronunciation when addressing any Submariner is "Submarine", with the "er" sounding like "her" - e.g., "Sub-Marine-her", where "Marine" is equivalent to US Marine. Submariners (myself included) do not take kindly to being referred to as "Sub-Mariners", where the sound is like "Marin-her". It implies that the person is lower than a Mariner or common sailor.
The Submarine community is small and elite in nature, with only about 2% of those who volunteer being selected. Having been one for many years when I was in the Navy, I can honestly say it is one of the best jobs and experiences in the Navy - as long as you're not claustrophobic. But they screen for that anyway, as well as a "few other" things.
How do you repair the submarine on my sims agents?
This was a tough one!
From the red wires: add wires vertically; then elbow right; connect to the wires already there; wires up; elbow right; connect to "T".
From solar panel just wire straight up to wires already there.
This will probably mess up what you thought was easy light and gear connections.
So here are the gear connections.
From generator: Put belt vertically on gear farthest left; connect with gear just above light eye - just below wire; gear to right; belt down and gear; gear to left; belt to the leftand gear; gear left; belt up and gear.
and light connections.
from first reflector: second reflector placed down below everything, reflecting left; third reflector level with eye reflecting right. AND YOUR DONE!
How is swede momson associated with the diving bell and the Squalus submarine?
Naval officer and submarine rescue pioneer Charles "Swede" Momsen was instrumental in the rescue of survivors from the sunken submarine USS Squaalus. His improved diving bell / rescue chamber design, which he began work on in 1930 and perfected with the help of LCDR Allan McCann, was used for the first time on the Squalus.
33 survivors were rescued from Squalus using the Momsen/McCann rescue chamber. The gas mixtures that Momsen experimented with for use in the chamber helped Navy divers today formulate the exotic gas mixtures they use for diving safely in depths over 300'.
Why was the submarine warfare important?
The submarine started as an important way to isolate England from supply convoys. As a submarine could slip up on a convoy unseen and launch a torpedo it also had a similar effect as the modern day sniper, causing fear among the ships not hit.
As Anti-Submarine Warfare was more and more successful the submarine lost it's value.
During the Cold War its importance was to resurge as a platform to launch nuclear missiles and to hunt the large missile subs or Boomers as they were called. There are some who have gone as far as to attribute the fact that there was never a nuclear exchange between the USA and the USSR to the fact that each side knew that the submarines would launch a counter-strike.
Designed by naval architects, they are simply metal tubes with equipment crammed into them. Unlike surface vessels which must have some sort of architecture top-side to react with the atmosphere, subs need no such structures to mesh with anything above the surface of the ocean...they're just tubes (with men & machines inside them).
Here are the top ten navies of the world-
1.US navy
2.Russian navy
3.Indian navy
4.British navy
5.French navy
6.Chinese navy
7.Japanese navy
8.Brazillian navy
9.Argentine navy
10.Australian navy
Why submarines are able to submerge and surface?
Submarines have the capability of taking on, or getting rid of ballast, to make themselves heavier or lighter as the situation requires.
How many submarines does the US navy have?
According to Wikipedia the US Navy has:
- Los Angeles class (29 in commission, 2 in reserve) – fast attack submarines
- Ohio class (18 in commission) – 14 ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs), 4 guided missile submarines (SSGNs)
- Seawolf class (3 in commission) – fast attack submarines
- Virginia class (19 in commission, 1 delivered, 1 fitting out, 7 under construction, 2 on order) – fast attack submarines
The existing fleet of ballistic submarines currently carries 54 percent of the United States' nuclear deterrent arsenal.
What impact on society did the turtle submarine have?
Other than securing a place in history as the first submersible used in combat (Revolutionary War), David Bushnell's Turtle had absolutely no impact on society or naval warfare at all. It was never successful, and was destroyed by the British well before any improvements or changes could be made to increase its chances of sinking a British warship.
Why is a magnetic compass useless inside a submarine?
They're not - all submarines use both standard and electronic compasses for navigation.
Pressure working in submarines?
"Pressure in the Boat", as it is called, is maintained by increasing O2 and environmental pressure levels throughout the boat. Keeping pressure in the boat is a major safety factor; any significant breach in the hull, a valve, hatch, etc., will be seen by the Chief of the Watch as a drop in internal pressure. While major flooding is readily apparent, small leaks might not be, and when underwater at any significant depth you don't want to give sea pressure any chance to make a small leak a large flood. If you're wondering how to tell the difference, if it's a leak, you'll find it; if it's flooding, it'll find you.
Air Pressure is also affected by hull compression as a boat goes deeper, though being isolated inside the pressure hull, the crew hardly notices any change in pressure at all. In fact, the only way to know you're ascending or going deep is if you're facing forward or aft and walking up or down on an angle, or if you're sleeping, your sleeping on your head or on your feet. Normal operations running at specific depths feels like sitting in your living room - you actually feel more driving in your car.
Of course depth changes can be made without any angle (0 bubble), in which case the biggest indicator to the crew is the noise of hull popping, the noise made by the hull as it compresses/decompresses with the changes in sea pressure.
If a boat has been submerged for a good period, the initial opening of a hatch when surfaced must be done slowly and deliberately. Before the danger was known, in older submarines, unsuspecting crew were literally blown out of a hatch if the pressure was high enough; today's modern hatches have a strong safety latch to prevent the hatch from being blown open by pressure if the person opening the hatch opens it a bit too quickly. They can still be injured though; the pressure can be strong enough to push a large man into the hatch, causing severe injury.
The air in the boat is typically equalized with outer air by ventilating through the boat's snorkel mast. However, not all tactical situations allow for this, hence the problems and precautions I've described above.
If you're referring to Mental Pressure - absolutely, 24/7/365. But all submariners thrive in pressure situations (a requirement for being Qualified in Submarines), so it's not a problem.
How is a submarine able to submerge and surface?
Submarines have ballast tanks. The tanks can hold air, or they can be "vented" and water can flow into them and fill them completely. When the tanks are full of air, the submarine is buoyant and floats. When the main vents are opened, the tanks are flooded and the submarine submerges. When the submarine is submerged and wants to surface, air can be injected at high pressure into the ballast tanks to force out water and again make the submarine buoyant and cause it to rise to the surface and float. In practice, when a submarine surfaces, it doesn't use a lot of air from its high pressure air tanks to "blow the ballast tanks" because it takes a long time to pump up the high pressure air tanks again. What happens is that all the ballast tanks are given a "good shot" of high pressure air (a few seconds), and then the planes are used in conjunction with the screw (which some call a propeller) to actually drive a submarine to the surface. Once there, something called a low pressure blower system can be used to finish blowing the ballast tanks (while the high pressure air compressors are running to pump the high pressure air tanks back up). When as submarine is submerged, the trick is to keep in neutrally buoyant and "balanced" or trimmed so that it is "level" in the water (has a "zero bubble"). There are axillary tanks aboard that allow trimming the boat, and that are used to set up neutral buoyancy. When a boat is properly trimmed and neutrally buoyant, it can be moved most efficiently through the water. The planes, which are used to "steer" the ship vertically, will be at zero and the boat will hold its depth with a zero bubble. There is a bit more to this, but the basics can easily be grasped and are covered here. A link is provided to our friends at Wikipedia who have posted an article on submarines, and it contains information on submerging and surfacing. Knowledge there is free, and you can use the post to check facts and learn more.
What is a submarine missile called?
In the American submarine force their are two types of missiles:
1. Tomahawk® Land Attack Missile (TLAM)
2. Sea-launched ballistic missile (SLBM)
A multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (MIRV) warhead is what is deployed on a SLBM. The TLAM can carry a conventional warhead or a single nuclear warhead.
Where would it be possible to find information about the USS Thresher?
USS Thresher (SSN-593) was the lead boat of her class of nuclear-powered attack submarines in the United States Navy. More information about it one can find on 'USS Thresher'-Wikipedia page. One can also watch 'National Geographic: Major Submarine Disaster'.
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