The Solar System

The term "solar system" comes from the Latin word "sol," which means sun, and "systema," which means a set or arrangement. It is named after the Sun because the Sun is at the center of our planetary system, with all the planets, moons, asteroids, and comets orbiting around it.

nebular theory

A leap year in the solar system is a year that has an extra day added to February (making it 29 days instead of 28) to keep the calendar year synchronized with Earth's position in its orbit around the sun. This is necessary because it takes Earth approximately 365.25 days to complete one orbit around the sun.

...Yellowish-White...
brown

Scientists assume that the meteors, asteroids, and comets were created at the same time as the solar system. Those have rocks that contain radioactive materials. The radioactive materials became a part of those rocks when they were created. None were ever added. It is possible to find the rate at which radioactive materials decay into other elements. Scientists can take the radioactive material in a rock and measure it and compare the amount of its decay results to their tables in a book. That tells them the Solar System is something between 4 and 5 billion years old.

Yes. Rock comes and packs together which is what smaller planets are made of. Gas sort of is held together by the core of a planet but still doesn't have enough pressure to hold all the gases tight to the core.

0.387 is the average distance from the Sun to Mercury in AU.

Note: AU=astronomical unit

Jupiter and Saturn are considered "gas giant" planets in our solar system. Despite the term "gas," these planets are primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, with smaller amounts of heavier gases. However, their cores are likely composed of denser materials such as rock and metal.

Neptune has always been the farthest planet, but we didn't always know that.

On August 24, 2006, when the International Astronomical Union (IAU) defined what it means to be a "planet", Neptune earned it's badge as the most distant (from the sun) planet in our solar system.

Prior to that, when Pluto was referred to as a planet, it last crossed inside of Neptune's orbit on February 7, 1979 leaving Neptune as the most distant planet until February 11, 1999.

Pluto's orbit crosses inside of Neptune's orbit for 20 years out of every 248.

If you could figure out what makes gravity happen you'd likely win a Nobel Prize. Gravity is the weakest of the four natural forces, being billions of times weaker than the other three (electromagnetism and the weak and strong nuclear forces). Basically gravity is the attraction that every particle in the universe has for every other particle in the universe. Matter makes a kind of dimple in the space-time continuum, kind of like placing a ball bearing on a rubber sheet only in three dimensions. If you rolled another ball bearing onto the sheet its path would curve because of the dimple made by the first one. The first one will also tend to roll toward the second one since the second one makes its own dimple. You get the idea. Gravity between two objects decreases as the square of the distance between them so if an object is twice as far then its gravitational effect is 4 times weaker.

Uranus is the planet that is tilted on its axis more than any other planet in our solar system. Its axis is tilted at an angle of about 98 degrees, causing it to essentially roll on its side as it orbits the Sun.

A solar system can be destroyed through various cataclysmic events such as a nearby supernova explosion, a collision with another star, or gravitational disruptions caused by passing black holes. When a solar system is destroyed, the remnants of the destroyed stars and planets can form a new nebula through the dispersal of material into space, where the gas and dust can accumulate and eventually coalesce under gravity to form a new nebula.

Planets in the solar system have layered internal structures due to the process of differentiation during their formation. Heavier materials sank to the core, lighter materials rose to the surface, creating distinct layers based on density. This process has led to the formation of layers with different compositions and properties within each planet.

Pluto was discovered in 1930 by American astronomer Clyde Tombaugh. It was considered the ninth planet in the solar system until 2006, when the International Astronomical Union reclassified it as a dwarf planet.

Europa is known for its icy surface, which is thought to cover a subsurface ocean of liquid water. This moon of Jupiter has long intrigued scientists as a potential location for finding life beyond Earth due to the presence of both water and heat sources under its icy crust.

Yes. It has a widely elliptical orbit at from about 46 to 70 million kilometers from the Sun.

The fifth planet counting outwards from the sun is Jupiter.

I think that "0.3" is probably meant to be 0.3 AU.

The answer is: the denser substances of the solar system which later formed the rocky inner planets.

The gases were likely to form gas giant planets, further away from the Sun.

The Earths moon is a fairly small object compared with the planets and sun, but there are other objects which are of a similar size, such as dwarf planets. There are other moons of a similar size also, in orbit around other planets, but there are even smaller moons, down to only a few km accross which are named. Comets and asteroids are also pretty small, yet many have been identified and named.

With continual observations:

Big Crunch: Galaxies would continue to appear blue shifted.
Big Rip: Galaxies would continue to appear be red shifted.

To Do: Well nothing, absolutely nothing, - nothing to loose any sleep over. Even if the "big crunch" was detected to occur, it wouldn't happen for at least 14 billion years.

As of my last update, there are eight recognized planets in the solar system: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The International Astronomical Union redefined the criteria for planethood in 2006, leading to the reclassification of Pluto as a dwarf planet. So, currently, there is no new planet in the solar system.