By Haris Khan (Mba Finance)
FHJM (First Hajveri Modaraba) is merged with FFLM (First Fidility Leasing Modaraba)
* PVCL (Pakistan Venture Capital) is changed to DCM (Dawood Capital Management)
* SADIC (Sadic Cement) is changed to DHCL (Dewan Hattar Cement)
* PKCL (Pakland Cement) is changed to DCL (Dewan Cement)
* ESSA (Essa Cement) is changed to AACIL (Al-Abbas Cement)
* CHKC (Chakwal Cement) is changed to PCCL (Pakistan Cement)
* AKDS (AKD Securities) is changed to AKDCL (AKD Capital Limited)
* TRSL (Trust Leasing Corp.) is changed to TLIBL (Trust Leasing and Investment Bank Ltd.)
* AVENT (Aventis Ltd.) is changed to SAPL (Sanofi-Aventis Ltd.)
* TRIP ( Tri Star Power ) is changed to TSPL (Tri Star Power)
* WCCL (World Call Communication), WCBL (World Call Broad Band), WCML (World Call Multi media) were merged into WTL (World Call Telecom Ltd)
* ACF (Abamco Capital Fund), AGF (Abamco Growth Fund), ASMF (Abamco Stock Market Fund) were merged into UTPGF (UTP-Growth Fund)
* MATJ (Modaraba Al-Tijarah) is merged with MODAM (Modaraba Al-Mali)
* ATLSB (Atlas Investment Bank) is merged with Atlas Bank Ltd.
* METBK (Metropolitan Bank) is changed to HMB ( Habib Metro Bank)
* FHJM (First Hajveri Modaraba) is merged with FFLM (First Fidility Leasing Modaraba)
A monopoly employing horizontal integration means what?
vertical
Horizontal integration is the merging or takeover of a company that is in the same market and at the same stage of the supply chain.
horizontal integration
I think it is your mama
Vertical Integration is owning a section of a business and horizontal integration is owning all businesses in a certain field.
Vertical integration and horizontal integration :D
cartels, monopolies, trust, and horizontal and vertical integration all share the goal of
Horizontal Integration : When a company decides to expand horizontally i.e within its current line of business then it is called horizontal integration. For eg. pepsi when it got into snacks it can be called a horizontal integration.Vertical integration: When a firm covers all activity of supply chain then it can be called as vertically integrated. Eg. if a paper manufacturing industry goes into plantation of woods and other activities involved with production raw material (wood) it can be called a vertical integration.
Horizontal Integration : When a company decides to expand horizontally i.e within its current line of business then it is called horizontal integration. For eg. pepsi when it got into snacks it can be called a horizontal integration.Vertical integration: When a firm covers all activity of supply chain then it can be called as vertically integrated. Eg. if a paper manufacturing industry goes into plantation of woods and other activities involved with production raw material (wood) it can be called a vertical integration.
cartels, monopolies, trust, and horizontal and vertical integration all share the goal of
cartels, monopolies, trust, and horizontal and vertical integration all share the goal of