In 1581, Spain's northern provinces became part of the independent Dutch Republic after the Northern provinces declared their independence from Spanish rule during the Eighty Years' War.
The northern provinces of the Low Countries pulled away from the southern ones due to religious differences and tensions that culminated in the Eighty Years' War. The northern provinces, which were largely Protestant, sought independence from the Catholic-dominated Spanish rule in the south. This eventually led to the formation of the independent Dutch Republic in the north.
The Republic of United Provinces of the Netherlands
The United Provinces, officially known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands, was a republic in Europe that existed from 1588 to 1795. It encompassed parts of modern-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg. Its capital was initially in The Hague and later moved to Amsterdam.
Philip II sent his close friend, the Duke of Alba, to put an end to Protestantism (b/c he [Philip] was unwilling to tolerate any type of religious diversity in 1566) in the Netherlands. Alba's heavy-handed measures led to the execution of thousands of Protestants. Eventually in 1576, under the leadership of William, Prince of Orange, the Seventeen Provinces united to overthrow Spanish rule. The war resulted in the formation of the Dutch Republic in 1581, which consisted of 7 Protestant provinces in the northern region of the Netherlands. The southern Roman Catholic provinces submitted to Spanish control, eventually becoming the country of Belgium.
the revolution that established Mexico as an independent republic
The Treaty of Utrecht is commonly understood to refer to the peace signed to end the War of the Spanish Succession (1701 to 1714). Alternatively, the Union of Utrecht, signed in 1579, unified the northern provinces of the Netherlands and is regarded as the founding document of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.
northern Ireland is part of great Britain. the republic of Ireland is an independent of great Britain but has little input into the affairs of northern Ireland
the revolution that established Mexico as an independent republic
The northern province of the Low Countries pulled away from the southern ones due to religious and political differences. The north was predominantly Protestant, while the south remained Catholic. This division led to conflicts and eventually resulted in the independence of the northern provinces as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in the 16th century.
Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina was the queen of the Netherlands when Suriname became independent of the Netherlands. It is a republic so they have have presidents, not royal families.
Republic of the United Netherlands Dutch Republic, formally Republic of the United Netherlands, Dutch Republican, Reverend, Nederland, (1588–1795), state whose area comprised approximately that of the present Kingdom of the Netherlands and which achieved a position of world power in the 17th century.