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The main argument in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) centered around the constitutionality of racial segregation laws. Homer Plessy, who was of mixed race, challenged Louisiana's Separate Car Act, arguing that it violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Supreme Court upheld the segregation law, establishing the "separate but equal" doctrine, which justified racial segregation as long as the separate facilities were considered equal, thereby reinforcing systemic racism and discrimination in the United States.

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The main people involved in Plessy v. Ferguson were Homer Plessy, who was the plaintiff in the case and a man of mixed racial heritage, and Judge John H. Ferguson, who was the defendant in his capacity as a judge responsible for enforcing segregation laws in Louisiana. The lawyers who represented the parties before the Supreme Court were Albion Tourgée for Plessy and Milton J. Cunningham for Ferguson.


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