it practiced some modes of production e.g feudalism which had the class of landowners and the peasants
In West Africa, taxation historically varied by region and governance systems, often reflecting the economic activities and social structures of the time. During the pre-colonial period, kingdoms like Mali and Songhai imposed taxes on trade, agriculture, and livestock, facilitating wealth accumulation and state power. Colonial regimes later introduced more formalized tax systems, often targeting local populations to fund colonial administrations, which sometimes led to resistance and unrest. Overall, taxation in West Africa has been a significant tool for political authority and economic management throughout its history.
Not much to write home about. Little was known in Europe in Marx's day, and he tended to write off pre-colonial societies. Some see an African variant of a stagnant "Asiatic mode of production", others a local feudalism with some slavery thown in, some a slave-based economy developing feudal elements. A few adventurous souls have hypothesised an "African mode of production" based on village organisation modified by long-distance trade.
Before World War II, Vietnam was part of French Indochina, a colonial territory established by France in the mid-19th century. The region included present-day Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. Vietnam was officially referred to as Annam in the colonial context, which was one of its administrative divisions under French rule. The country experienced significant nationalist movements during this period, seeking independence from colonial control.
Mapungubwe is historically significant as it was the first kingdom in southern Africa, flourishing between the 11th and 13th centuries. It served as a center for trade, culture, and political power, linking various regions through commerce, particularly in gold and ivory. The site's archaeological findings, including sophisticated burial practices and artifacts, provide insights into early African civilization and social organization. Additionally, Mapungubwe represents a crucial part of the region's heritage, highlighting the complexity and richness of pre-colonial African societies.
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propical diseases
it practiced some modes of production e.g feudalism which had the class of landowners and the peasants
there was full of wild animals and the tribers liked to eat the invaders
qualities of leaders in pre- colonial borno
The Great Zimbabwe is the largest pre-colonial stone city in Africa south of the Sahara.
History of public administration from pre-colonial era to post colonial era in Nigeria
The pre-colonial period in the Philippines refers to the time before the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century. During this time, the Philippines was made up of independent chiefdoms and barangays, with a complex system of trade, social structure, and culture. Indigenous groups practiced various forms of animism and had developed sophisticated systems of agriculture, metallurgy, and maritime trade.
Important pre-colonial ports of India included Barbaricum, Korkai, Muziris, Barygaza, Arikamedu, and Kaveripattinam.
Kinnam
Sports before the colonial period. Usually, they are the same.
Inter-group relationship of pre-colonial era between Hausa, Igbo, Yoruba.