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answer 2 In Ediacara, Australia, appear very early soft bodied fossil shapes in the fine shale. These date from 635 Mya to 540Mya. These are thought have appeared soon after emergence from the cryrogenic period of rather chilly Earth's history. They flourished into the pre Cambrian period.

The Burgess Shale beds of N America are also prolific record to very early (pre) Cambrian fossils.

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Even earlier was the emergence of algae, and these have left their mark in India's Vindhya region with dates of 1.6 - 1.7 Gya. (The Earth has an age of about 4.5 Gy.)

We know that the emergence of algae caused a collapse of CO2 and Methane in the Earth's history, and this reverse greenhouse effect pushed the world into a snowball earth condition for perhaps a billion years. The oxygen these early algae produced, oxidized the dissolved iron in the seas, and precipitated it as the 'banded iron beds' of commercial importance today. Portions of these may be analysed for age and O2 content. [Gya = 109 years ago, Mya = 106 years ago.]

The algae survive today, notably as the seaweeds.

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