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A rat is a hind-gut fermenter - most digestion takes place in the cecum and colon to the rear of the digestive system, unlike ruminants, which are fore-gut fermenters. In some hind-gut fermenters, foods that are high in fiber are stored and fermented in the cecum, usually at the very end of the digestive system. The fermented food then leaves the body as feces. The animal eats this first-time-through feces (coprophagy), allowing the body to digest the now broken down fiber as the food moves through the digestive system a second time. Not all hind-gut fermenters use the coprophagy system. Rats and rabbits are examples of hind-gut fermenters that use coprophagy, while horses are examples of hind-gut fermenters that don't.

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Q: Is a rat a hindgut or foregut fermenter?
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Is a horse a foregut fermenter?

All ruminants (cows, sheep, goats, etc.) and kangaroos are foregut fermenters.


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Humans are not foregut or hindgut fermenters. These are special adaptations that occur in herbivores (such as horses and cows).


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