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The major driving force for the formation of a lipid bilayer is hydrophobic forces on the phospholipid fatty acid carbon chains. Once formed the membrane is further stabilized by hydrogen bonds, electrostatic attractions, and Van Der Waals contacts.

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Phospholipids have a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails each. When phospholipids are exposed to water, they arrange themselves in a bi-layer sheet with the tails facing towards the center of the sheet, and away from the water.

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Q: Why phospholipids form a thin layer on the surface of an aqueous solution?
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Why phospholipids form a thin layer on the surface of aqueous solution?

Phospholipids have a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails each. When phospholipids are exposed to water, they arrange themselves in a bi-layer sheet with the tails facing towards the center of the sheet, and away from the water.


What is double layered with molecules that have hydrophobics tails and hydrophilic head?

The cell membrane. It's called a bi-layer, and contains two layers of phospholipids. The tails interact with one another while the heads interact with the aqueous solution.


Is doubled layered with molecules that have hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic head?

The cell membrane. It's called a bi-layer, and contains two layers of phospholipids. The tails interact with one another while the heads interact with the aqueous solution.


Are Phospholipids naturally one layer?

Generally no. They form micelles when isolated in small numbers, or form bilayers when encapsulating aqueous/hydrophobic mediums.


Is ethanol lipid soluble?

Yes. When mixed with water in a solution it forms an organic layer ontop of the aqueous (water) layer.


Why are phospholipids arranged as they are in a bi-layer?

Membranes self assemble as a result of the hydrophobic effect. This is the tendency of nonpolar substances to aggregate in aqueous solution and exclude water molecules. This can be shown by the hydrophobic tails coming together, and the hydrophilic heads facing the outside and inside of the cell.


Explain briefly how you would separate chloroform or dichloromethane extract from an aqueous solution using a separating funnel?

Both chloroform and dichloroform are denser than water. You will see two layer in separating funnel. The lower layer will be chloroform and upper layer would be aqueous layer.


Why the aqueous layer is below the organic layer in the separating funnel?

The density of the aqueous layer is higher.


What molecules are on the outer surface of the plasma membrane?

The outside surface of the plasma membrane is made of a layer of molecules called phospholipids, which have hydrophobic and a hydrophilic parts. The hydrophilic parts are on the outside surface, attracted by the water and other hydrophilic molecules outside the cell. There are also proteins of various kinds attached to and embedded in this outer layer.


Reacting copper II sulfate with iron yields?

If an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate is contacted with metallic iron, at the least the surface of the iron passes into solution and is replaced by a layer of metallic copper. This is an example of displacement by a metal higher in the electromotive series than the metal it displaces.


A double layer of these molecules makes up the plasma membrane?

A double layer of phospholipids makes up the plasma membrane.


When you are extracting an aqueous solution with an organic solvent you are uncertain of which layer in the separatory funnel is aqueoushow would you quickly sort out the issue?

Add a drop of water and see if it mixes with the top layer or if it remains as a droplet within the top layer. If it mixes homogeneously, then the top is aqueous. If it forms a droplet, then the top is organic.