Yes, they can, but generally if subject to abuse. The main problems are cracks and coming loose from the shaft.
The use of regular water creates sediments and bad function of the water pump bearing.
yes and no, if the water pump seals are bad antifreeze will leak from the weep hole on the water pump, but it is possible for the pump to go bad and not leak at all.
Find the side of the engine that has all the pulleys and belts. Under one of those pulleys that is connected to the engine you will find the water pump. I cannot tell you which one exactly. You could go to www.autozone.com and go under the repair info button and look for it that way.
it get rusted
The big issue isn't an electric water pump, but the fact that you have to replace the pulleys. If you can pull that off you should be good to go, even with a belt-driven water pump.
The alternator is belt driven and so is the water pump but that is where the correlation ends. There is no way a bad alternator could cause a water pump to go bad unless the alternator pulley was warped. Then there is a small chance.
Yes. A pump does not have to leak to break down
if you are talking about the weep hole in the water pump. that hole will let water out when the seals in the water go bad. that will tell you to get the water pump replaced.
the timing belt can cause a water pump to go bad if the belt is on too tight, because that will put stress on the bearings making it wear out rather quickly.
Only if it's going bad. When the bearing and seal are starting to go bad the water pump will leak from the weep hole.
Normal wear on the bearings inside.
yes and no. depends on what you mean by "bad" the bearings can go out in it but it will still move water keeping engine cool but making a heck of a racket.