What is Islam's major beliefs?

Answer 1

That there is only one god and that is Allah, Prophet Mohammed is his last messenger, and the five pillars of Islam which are to fast during the holy month of ramadan, to pray 5 times a day, if you are able to afford it you must make hajj, to believe in Allah and prophet Mohammed [PBUH], and lastly to give money to the poor and needy. We also believe to be good to everyone and treat others with respect and diginity
Islam is the religion preached by all Prophets (May peace be upon them all). They were about 1,24,000 in number. Right from Hazrat Adam (AS) down to Hazrat Noah (AS), Hazrat Abraham (AS), Hazrat Jacob and the tribes, Hazrat Moses (AS), Hazrat Jesus Christ (AS) to the last prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) preached ONENESS of Almighty God (Allah in Arabic).

The basic beliefs of Islam may be enumerated as follows:

1. ONENESS of Almighty Allah, the Sole Creator, Sustainer, Provider, and Ruler of the worlds

, having No Parents, NO Son, No Off-spring, No Partner, No Associate, whatsoever.

2. Belief in the Angels

3. Belief in the holy Books

4. Belief in the Prophets

5. Belief in the Day of Judgement

6. Belief in the life hereafter

7. Belief in the Good or ill Destiny being in the absolute power of Almighty Allah.

Answer 2

Five Pillars of Islam according to shia Muslims are:

1. Monotheism: The Oneness of Allah (tawhid)

2. Divine Justice ('adl)

3. Prophethood (nubuwwa)

4. Succession to Muhammad (imamat)

5. The Day of Judgement and the Resurrection (Qiyama)

Practices of Islam according to shia Muslims:

1- Prayers (salaat) - 5 times a day

2- Fasting (sawm) during Ramadan

3-4. Alms giving (zakaat and khums)

5- Pilgrimage to the city of Makkah (hajj)

6- Holy Defense (Jihad)

7-8. Enjoining good (amr bil-ma'rouf) and forbidding evil (nahiy an al-munkar)

9- Supporting those who walk in the path of Allah (tawalli li awliyaa' Allah)

10- Turning away from the enemies of Allah (tabarri min a'daa Allah)

Five Pillars of Islam according to Sunni Muslims are:

1. professing (Shahadah)

2. Prayer (Salat)

3. Alms-giving (Zakāt)

4. Fasting (Sawm of Ramadan)

5. Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)

also different sects of sunni have differs in five pillars. for example Mu'tazilate Sunni Scholars like shia consider Adl as one pillar. but Ash'arites does not believe Adl is one of Pillars although believing in Adl as an attribute of God but with an interpret of Adl that in view of shia and Mu'tazilate is equal to not having Adl.

Answer 2

The five important things for Muslims are called "The Pillars of Islam":

1. Stating that there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his Messenger
2. Performing the five daily prayers
3. Paying al-ZakAa/al-Zakat
4. Fasting during Ramadan
5. Pilgrimage to Makkah if possible

Muslims also believe in:

• Angels
• Holy Books
• all previous Messengers
• Destiny
• Judgment Day

  Muslims are the followers of Islam religion that is the religion of monotheism. The main belief in Islam is the belief in Allah (God in English and same God in Christianity and Judaism) as the one and only one God with no partner, no son, no father, no companion, no associate, and no equivalence. For other beliefs, you may refer to question below.

  Five Pillars of Islam according to shia Muslims are:

  1. Monotheism: The Oneness of Allah (tawhid)

  2. Divine Justice ('adl)

  3. Prophethood (nubuwwa)

  4. Succession to Muhammad (imamat)

  5. The Day of Judgement and the Resurrection (Qiyama)

  Practices of Islam according to shia Muslims:

  1- Prayers (salaat) - 5 times a day

  2- Fasting (sawm) during Ramadan

  3-4. Alms giving (zakaat and khums)

  5- Pilgrimage to the city of Makkah (hajj)

  6- Holy Defense (Jihad)

  7-8. Enjoining good (amr bil-ma'rouf) and forbidding evil (nahiy an al-munkar)

  9- Supporting those who walk in the path of Allah (tawalli li awliyaa' Allah)

  10- Turning away from the enemies of Allah (tabarri min a'daa Allah)

  Five Pillars of Islam according to Sunni Muslims are:

  1. professing (Shahadah)

  2. Prayer (Salat)

  3. Alms-giving (Zakāt)

  4. Fasting (Sawm of Ramadan)

  5. Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)

  also different schools of sunni Muslims differ in the definition of five pillars. for example Mu'tazilate Sunni Scholars; like shia; consider Adl as one additional pillar but Ash'arites does not believe Adl is one of Pillars although believing in Adl as an attribute of God but with an interpretation of Adl that in view of shia and Mu'tazilate is equal to not having Adl.

However, it remains the basic five pillars of Islam the same as minimum to all sects of Islam by some way or another. No Muslim irrelevant to his sect or school denies praying (or Salah), fasting Ramadan (or sawm), alms giving (or Zakah), and performing hajj (or pilgrimage). All of them witness that no God except one and only one God with no partner, no son, no father, no companion, and no equivalence. All witness that prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is God prophet and messenger to whom god revealed the Quran.

Answer 3

The Five Pillars of Islam are core beliefs that shape Muslim thought, deed, and society. A Muslim who fulfills the Five Pillars of Islam, remains in the faith of Islam, and sincerely repents of his sins, will make it to Jannah (paradise). If he performs the Five Pillars but does not remain in the faith, he will not be saved. # Shahada ## The Shahada is the Islamic proclamation that "There is no true God except Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." ## This is the confession that Allah is the one and only true God, that Allah alone is worthy of worship, that Allah alone is the sovereign lord who does what he wills with whoever he wills. It means that all his rules and laws found in the Koran are to be followed. It means that the Christian doctrine of God as a Trinity is false as are all other belief systems including pantheism. ## Muhammad is the true and greatest prophet of Allah and recognition of Muhammad as the Prophet of God is required. It was through Muhammad that Allah conveyed the last and final revelation. # Prayer (Salat) ## Prayer involves confession of sins which begins with the purification of the body and ends with the purification of the soul. Prayer is performed five times a day. The first prayer is at dawn and the last at sunset. ## The names of the prayers are Fajr, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha. The Maghrib prayer is the sunset prayer. Isha is the prayer that is said after sunset. There is also a prayer that is said right after Fajr known as Shurooq. # Fasting (Saum) ## The month of Ramadan is the month of fasting in Islam. It is an act of worship where the faithful follower denies his own needs and seeks Allah. Usually, this fasting entails no drinking, eating during, or sexual relations during the daylight hours for the entire month of Ramadan. # Alms-giving or charity (Zakat) ## Charity given to the poor. It benefits the poor and it helps the giver by moving him towards more holiness and submission to Allah. Alms-giving is considered a form of worship to God. # Pilgrimage (Hajj) ## This is the pilgrimage to Mecca. All Muslims, if they are able, are to make a pilgrimage to Mecca. It involves financial sacrifice and is an act of worship. Muslims must make the pilgrimage the first half of the last month of the lunar year

Answer 4

believing in oneness of God (Allah) and pophethood of Muhammad (PBUH)

shia and sunni have mostly same beliefs unless about Imamat (political leadership of Muslims)

Shia and Sunni have mostly same beliefs and both believe in fundamental beliefs of Islam. Today there is up to 260 sects in Islam that are in two main categories of shia and sunni.

the conflict of shia and sunni has been always amplified by world Imperialism to prevent Islam from gaining power.

Shia believes in Allah, prophet and all fundamentals of Islam.

Shia pray 5 times a day but usually do the 2, 3 and 4, 5 pray together and so may seem they do only 3 pray a day. there is some differences in details of pray like genuflect (for shia should be on a stone or part of earth and for sunni on carpet or floor ).

shia believe after death of prophet God selected the successive for prophet who is the political leader of Muslim community and people can not and does not the right to selected it.

Shia believes the Caliph (Representative of God in earth) is selected only by God and can not be selected by people because God said in Koran: "Indeed, I will make upon the earth a successive authority" (Quran 2:30) or "O David! We did indeed make thee a vicegerent on earth" (Quran 38:26) also other verses.

Shia believes such verses means only God can select an Islamic political leader (Caliph).

In Shia Islam Caliphs after prophet are 12 Imams and all of them are the same and have no mistake and have the knowledge of everything (not absolute knowledge like knowledge of God) and they hear all sayings and even thinks of all humans after even after their death by permission of God and they are intermediates between God and human Shia Muslims always support them and forgive their lives for them.

Shia Muslims do not consider selection of Abubakr as Caliph by people valid because God did not select him. They believe God ordered prophet to declare people that Ali is selected as successor of prophet and prophet did this mission many times during his prophet-hood and mainly in Ghadir event after last Hajj of his life at a 3-4 hour speech in front of 120,000 Muslims at Ghadir in hot desert after 2 days stop of long caravan for gathering and 3 days after speech for congratulations and homage of Muslims to Ali. Islam at that time had high power in world and Some companions had high interest in leadership position after prophet. Muslims knew that it is the final Hajj of prophet (predicted by prophet) and were going along with prophet to hear what prophet says at end of his life. Shia believes Ghadir event is the most important event of Islam and is mentioned in Koran in many verses like "Today" (اليوم) in verse 5:3 of Quran is the day of Ghadir. Or Verse 5:67 (O Messenger! proclaim the (message) which hath been sent to thee from thy Lord. If thou didst not, thou wouldst not have fulfilled and proclaimed His mission. And Allah will defend thee from men (who mean mischief). For Allah guideth not those who reject Faith) is revealed at Ghadir day and is about declaring political leadership of Ali after prophet.

Both Sunni and Shia Muslims accept happening of Ghadir event But different interpret. Some Sunni writers tried to reject the event of Ghadir as declare of leadership of Ali and said at Ghadir prophet only wanted to say Ali is my friend and no one should bother him. Ali had 3 different missions to Yemen by prophet during 10 years and in 2 of them some companions of prophet had some conflicts with Ali and and prophet said some sayings about Ali to solve conflicts and some sunni writers have mixed stories of missions of Ali to Yemen with story of Ghadir to prove Ghadir event is not about Leadership of Ali and is not important.

Shia scholars believe some Sunni writers have changed and deviated historical evidences about political leadership of Ali in old historical books and republished them to destroy evidences of leadership of Ali from old Sunni books.

The famous Shia book Al-Ghadir (الغدير) by Allameh Amini is a collection of evidences and proofs for Ghadir Events written after referring to 100,000 Sunni books and full reading of 10,000 sunny books. Allameh Amini is a famous Shia scholar and spent 40 years of his life in travelling to access original old Sunni books in libraries in different countries to write this 20 volume book only from Sunni books and not using any Shia book. Some Sunni scholars tried to reply this book but then said if we want to reply this book we should first destroy all books of ourselves.

Shia doctrine have root in Karbala tragedy. When tragedy of Karbala happened most of Iranians understood there is two different kinds of Islam and after happening of Karbala tragedy most of Iranians became followers of "Ahl al-Bayt" and forgive their lives for them like what they did in Iranian Revolution and Iran-Iraq War. Shia Muslims have at least 120,000 Hadith (saying) from The Fourteen Infallibles that is the base of Shia Islam along with Quran. Shia believes according to " Hadith of the two weighty things" The Fourteen Infallibles are the only valid interpreters of Quran and sayings of them are from God because they are Representative of God in earth and they do not say anything from themselves. Shia believes 12th of them (Mahdi) is alive and because people have killed all 11 Imams before him, he is in hide like Jesus and will come out of hide toghether with Jesus when people become ready and want to accept his leadership. All 11 Imams have been killed and during their life thy all have been in prison or under hard control of government to not have any political action. They never had enough serious followers to can get political power. Among them only the sixth Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq was relatively free in his life to have only scientific activities (but banned from any political action) and so only he is known in west because he established university and had students from all over the world. Westerns know him as a polymath: an astronomer, alchemist, Imam, Islamic scholar, Islamic theologian, writer, philosopher, physician, physicist and scientist. He was also the teacher of the famous chemist, Jābir ibn Hayyān (Geber), and of Abū Ḥanīfa, the founder of the Hanafi school of Sunni Islamic jurisprudence. He never wanted be a famous man and only shared his knowledge with who wanted to learn. Some researchers consider his teachings the root cause of renaissance.

Sunni Muslims also accept Mahdi and his worldwide leadership as Caliph of God in earth at end of world. There is a famous Hadith from prophet Muhammad (PBUH) that Mahdi at hide is like sun behind cloud, he is hidden from people but people receive his benefits. Shia Muslims say some faithful believers have connection with Mahdi and use his knowledge. Shia Muslims believe that it is proved at least 1000 persons have had connection and talk with Mahdi during his hide period but Any one having relation with Mahdi keep it and does not declare it in public until is alive.