Dictionary:
a·mox·i·cil·lin (ə-mŏk'sĭ-sĭl'ĭn) ![]() |
An semisynthetic penicillin, C16H19N3O5S, having an antibacterial spectrum of action similar to that of ampicillin.
[AM(INO) + (HYDR)OX(Y) + (PEN)ICILLIN.]
Dictionary:
a·mox·i·cil·lin (ə-mŏk'sĭ-sĭl'ĭn) ![]() |
An semisynthetic penicillin, C16H19N3O5S, having an antibacterial spectrum of action similar to that of ampicillin.
[AM(INO) + (HYDR)OX(Y) + (PEN)ICILLIN.]
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| Medical Dictionary: a·mox·i·cil·lin |
A derivative of ampicillin that is effective against a broad range of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.
| WordNet: amoxicillin |
The noun has one meaning:
Meaning #1:
an antibiotic (a semisynthetic oral penicillin (trade names Amoxil and Larotid and Polymox and Trimox and Augmentin)) used to treat bacterial infections
Synonyms: Amoxil, Larotid, Polymox, Trimox, Augmentin
| Wikipedia: Amoxicillin |
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Amoxicillin (INN), formerly amoxycillin (BAN), is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. It is usually the drug of choice within the class because it is better absorbed, following oral administration, than other β-lactam antibiotics.
Amoxicillin is susceptible to degradation by β-lactamase-producing bacteria, and so may be given with clavulanic acid to decrease its susceptibility.
Contents |
Amoxicillin acts by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell wall. It inhibits cross-linkage between the linear peptidoglycan polymer chains that make up a major component of the cell wall of Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Amoxicillin in trihydrate form is available as capsules, chewable and dispersable tablets plus syrup and pediatric suspension for oral use, and as the sodium salt for intravenous administration. It is one of the most common antibiotics prescribed for children, and the liquid forms are helpful where the patient might find it difficult to take tablets or capsules. It has three ionizable groups. A once daily dosing form (Moxatag) was approved by the American FDA in January 2008.
Side effects are as those for other beta-lactam antibiotics. Side effects include nausea, vomiting, irritability, mood swings, aggressiveness and easy fatigue. Loose bowel movements (diarrhea) also may occur.
The onset of an allergic reaction to amoxicillin can be very sudden and intense - emergency medical attention must be sought as quickly as possible. The initial onset of such a reaction often starts with a change in mental state; skin rash with intense itching (often beginning in fingertips and around groin area and rapidly spreading) and sensations of fever, nausea and vomiting. Any other symptoms that seem even remotely suspicious must be taken very seriously.
Somewhere between 3% to 10% of children taking amoxicillin (or ampicillin) show a late-developing (>72 hours after beginning medication and having never taken penicillin-like medication previously) non-itchy rash, which is sometimes referred to as the "amoxicillin rash." The rash can also occur in adults.
The rash is described as maculopapular or morbilliform (measles-like; therefore, in medical literature, "amoxicillin-induced morbilliform rash"[1]). It starts on the trunk and can spread from there. This rash is unlikely to be a true allergic reaction, and is not a contra-indication for future amoxicillin usage, nor should current regimen necessarily be stopped. However, as mentioned above, this common amoxicillin rash and a dangerous allergic reaction cannot easily be distinguished by inexperienced persons, and therefore a health professional should be consulted if a rash develops. (Pichichero, 2005; Schmitt 2005)
A non-allergic amoxicillin rash may also be an indicator of infectious mononucleosis: Some studies indicate that approximately 80-90% of patients with acute Epstein Barr virus infection treated with amoxicillin or ampicillin develop such a rash. [2]
The patent for amoxicillin has expired. Thus amoxicillin is marketed under many trade names including: Actimoxi, Alphamox, AMK, Amoksibos, Amoxiclav Sandoz, Amoxidal, Amoxil, Amoxin, Amoksiklav, Amoxibiotic, Amoxicilina, Apo-Amoxi, Augmentin, Bactox, Betalaktam, Cilamox, Curam, Dedoxil, Dispermox, Duomox, Enhancin, Gimalxina, Geramox, Hiconcil, Isimoxin, Klavox, Lamoxy, Moxatag, Moxilen, Moxypen, Moxyvit, Nobactam, Novamoxin, Ospamox, Panklav, Pamoxicillin, Panamox, Polymox, Samthongcillin, Clamoxyl, Senox, Sinacilin, Trimox, Tolodina, Wymox, Yucla, Zerrsox and Zimox.
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
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![]() | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more | |
![]() | Medical Dictionary. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Read more | |
![]() | WordNet. WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. Read more | |
![]() | Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Amoxicillin". Read more |
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