Although many procedural issues and handled through voice votes, legislation typically involves a "roll call" vote in which each Congressman's vote is recorded individually. Take a look at the link from the Library of Congress below.
a debate and votes
congress
both houses of congress
This would take a simple majority in both Houses of Congress. 218 votes in the House and 51 votes in the Senate if all seats are filled and everybody votes. The VP could break a tie-vote in the Senate.
The Constitution gives the Congress the taxing and spending power. The people are the ones that votes for members of Congress, hence they have a voice in tax laws via selecting members of Congress who represent their views.
congressional record.
When a new bill is to be passed, both the parties of the congress are made to vote. If the number of votes are high, the bill is passed.
2/3 of the voters need to vote to pass it.
Overriding a presidential veto requires a 2/3 majority in both houses of Congress. This translates to a minimum of 66 votes in the Senate and 290 votes in the House of Representatives.
To override a Presidential veto, both chambers of Congress must repass the legislation with a 2/3 vote. In the House this amounts to 290 votes and in the Senate this amounts to 67 votes.
If a President is thought to be guilty of a crime, the House of Representatives can bring charges, and the Senate votes to acquit or convict. So both houses of Congress are involved in this process.
States don't have "delegates to Congress," they have Representatives and Senators. Territories have non-voting delegates. The number of Representatives a State has is determined by its population. They each have two Senators.