no they cant its illeagel
Added; The above answer is GENERALLY true, however there are exceptions to the 'warrant rule' that can allow them to enter (e.g.: crime in progress - fresh pursuit - exigent(emergency) circumstances - occupants permission - etc)
Police can enter a fenced backyard if the gate is open and they have probable cause. Their powers extend into private property if there is a legitimate reason to do so.
Yes, they have to check the dog and where it frequently travels.
No.
Yes, if they have "probable cause" or if there are what is called "exigent circumstances". The police do not need a warrant if they observe a crime being committed or if they see contraband such as fireworks in plain view.
If the Police or other authorities see you commiting the crime.
Yes they can search it
No it is not
Yes, there is no need for a warrant. The person can refuse to cooperate with the police if they so choose, in which case they might be taken into custody for interrogation at the police department.
call a bail bondsman
Report it to the police and get an attorney (lawyer).
I recently got in trouble with the law. How can I find out if I have a warrant for my arrest without contacting the authorities?
Yes, the officer may search. Police may search a building if they reasonably believe a valid search warrant has been issued. They do not have to possess the search warrant.
I am not familiar with all California law but I would say the answer to this question is yes. A police officer can answer your cell phone, but, they may not search (look at contacts etc.) without a warrant.