yes
yes
"Probable Cause"
NO NO, but if they do have probable cause, they'll kick the door in. Probable cause does not always involve a piece of paper.............like a warrant. If you lock the door, after they speak to you, you can be charged with obstructing and delaying, if they had probable cause.
The case that established this principle is United States v. Watson (1976). The Supreme Court held that an arrest without a warrant, made by law enforcement officers in a public place, is valid if they have probable cause to believe that a crime has been committed.
yes it is justifiable. officers of the law have the right to do what is called a "terry pat" in order to search for weapons that could put the officers safety in jeapordy
Yes, it is possible to do the research without literature and justify your answer using a suitable write up.
All citizens are protected from unlawful detention by habeas corpus. Habeas corpus states that if there is no evidence against a person that officers can not arrest them.
yes
Yes, a magistrate can find probable cause to proceed with a criminal charge even without a sworn statement from the arresting officer if they are the only witness. The magistrate can rely on the officer's testimony presented in court to establish probable cause for the charge. However, the strength of the evidence and the credibility of the officer's testimony will play a significant role in the magistrate's decision.
This compound (probable formula DbF5) is not prepared up today and very probable it will be without any use.
The Supreme Court has held that students enjoy less constitutional protections while on school property. Lockers are school property and thus do not require a warrant to search. As for a students person, they must have probable cause. A students witness statement may not be enough to justify a search of a student. However, a camera placing you in the area when something was stolen could certainly justify a search for the stolen objects (contraband). As for drugs, if you appear intoxicated or are behaving in a suspect manner, this too may be probable cause to search you for any kind of narcotics.
Carroll vs. US is a court case during which officers can now pull someone over for probable cause without a search warrant. These officers may make arrests if they find something inside the car or on the person, and it will hold up in court now due to this case.