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Point to Point Protocol (PPP) protocol is utilized to establish a connection between
your PC and your ISP (internet Service Provider). PPP is used on two points-connection only
usually modem to modem. This protocol accomplishes a few main tasks:
Checks the condition of the phone line.
Checks your password.
Provides your computer with an IP address valid for the duration of connection.
Establishes the configuration of packets (packet size, compression, etc).
Acknowledge one part that the other is closing the connection.
PPP operates by sending Request packets and waiting for Acknowledge packets that either accept, reject
or try to change the request.
Various protocols are utilized to accomplish different tasks which together form the PPP.
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What is the difference between SLIP and PPP?
SLIP is called Serial Line Internet Protocol and PPP is the acronym of Point-to-Point Protocol.Multi-ProtocolsPPP has some additional benefits. Unlike SLIP (which can only transport TCP/IP traffic), PPP is a multi-protocol transport mechanism. This means that PPP not only transports TCP/IP traffic, but can also transport IPX and Appletalk traffic, to name just a few. Better yet, PPP lets you transport all of these protocols at the same time - on the same connection. This is often not a concern for most users since their purpose of either using SLIP or PPP is to connect to the internet and the internet uses TCP/IP only. Therefore, there is no need to transport other protocols.Configuration NegotiationWith SLIP, you have to know the IP address assigned to you by your service provider. You also need to know the IP address of the remote system you will be dialing into. If IP addresses are dynamically assigned (depends on your service provider), your SLIP software needs to be able to pick up the IP assignments automatically failing which you have to setup them up manually. You may also need to configure such details as MTU (maximum transmission unit), MRU (maximum receive unit), use of VJ compression header (ie., CSLIP), etc. All these can get confusing pretty fast. PPP addresses this problem by negotiating configuration parameters at the start of the connection. This can greatly simplify the configuration of your PPP connection.Automatic LoginMost SLIP/PPP software can dial-up and automatically login for you. However, they often depend on your service provider's system sending out standard prompts (eg, "login:" to get the login name and "password:" to get the password). If they are any way non-standard, you either need to write a script to automate the login process yourself or login manually in the terminal emulation mode of your SLIP/PPP software. PPP provides two methods with which logins can be automated - PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) and CHAP (Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol). Both provide the means for your system to automatically send your login userid/password information to the remote system.
Which is the most common encapsulation in use on BRI Interface?
Which is the most common encapsulation in use on BRI Interface ? A. SDLC B. ATN C. HDLC D. PPP
How is a multi-dimensional array defined in terms of a pointer?
Yes. More specifically, they can be used to represent a dynamic multi-dimensional array. As most people know, for a one-dimensional dynamic array, you simply need a pointer to the first element in the array, where each element contains an object of the same type as the pointer. The pointer can be passed around functions just as if it were a static array, the only difference being the requirement to pass the upper bound of the array as well as the array itself. For a two-dimensional array, you need a pointer-to-pointer which points to the first element of a one-dimensional pointer array, where each pointer in that array points to a one-dimensional array of objects. The pointer-to-pointer must be the same type as the pointers and the objects. For a three-dimensional array you need a pointer-to-pointer-to-pointer. And so on. Each additional dimension simply adds a new level of indirection, and a new level of one-dimensional pointer arrays. Of course multi-dimensional arrays are only useful if every dimension is fully utilised and doesn't require too much in the way of resizing. If that is not the case, then you may get more efficient memory consumption from a vector of vectors (of vectors), which allows dynamic resizing at every level without having to copy existing elements. The downside is you lose the random access provided by the array.
Difference betweeb Load balancing and Load sharing?
Load sharing is the ability to distribute outgoing traffic (or influence the flow of incoming traffic) over multiple paths. Load balancing is the ability to split the load toward the same destination (host or IP ) over multiple paths>>.In regard to CISCO Routers:Load sharing means one can split the traffic from a network to be transported by different routers (paths). That's exactly what Cisco does with MHSRP. The document on Configuring Multichassis Multilink PPP states that when it tells it to configure half of the hosts with one default gateway and the second half with the other. What happens, for instance, if the first half of the hosts are off? Will the traffic of the second half be transported by both routers?On the other hand, load balancing means distributing the traffic evenly and dynamically among different paths to avoid link congestion and saturation. This can be done in a packet-by-packet basis or per destination in a round-robin fashion. The packets sent by a host follow different paths to the same destination. All paths belong to all hosts. And this is not what MHSRP does.
Top 20 richest countries?
GDP (nominal) In the world: 1. USA 2. China 3. Japan 4. Germany 5. France 6. United Kingdom 7. Brazil 8. Italy 9. Canada 10. India 11. Russia 12. Spain 13. Australia 14. Mexico 15. South Korea 16. Netherlands 17. Turkey 18. Indonesia 19. Switzerland 20. Belgium In Europe: 1. Germany 2. France 3. United Kingdom 4. Italy 5. Russia 6. Spain 7. Netherlands 8. Turkey 9. Switzerland 10. Belgium 11. Sweden 12. Norway 13. Austria 14. Denmark 15. Greece 16. Finland 17. Portugal 18. Ireland 19. Romania 20. Ukraine GDP(PPP) In the world: 1. USA 2. China 3. Japan 4. India 5. Germany 6. Russia 7. United Kingdom 8. Brazil 9. France 10. Italy 11. Mexico 12. South Korea 13. Spain 14. Canada 15. Indonesia 16. Turkey 17. Australia 18. Taiwan 19. Iran 20. Poland In Europe: 1. Germany 2. Russia 3. United Kingdom 4. France 5. Italy 6. Spain 7. Turkey 8. Poland 9. Netherlands 10. Belgium 11. Sweden 12. Austria 13. Switzerland 14. Greece 15. Ukraine 16. Czech Republic 17. Norway 18. Romania 19. Portugal 20. Denmark
What is the frame format HDLC in networking?
HDLC - High level data link control used in conjunction with Networking protocols like PPP (point-to-point) protocol. According to RFC 1662, PPP uses HDLC like frame by providing address and control fields. For PPP these fields are constants 0xFF and 0x03.
What is PPP protocol?
Point-to-Point Protocol
Which protocol was PPP Created to replace?
SLIP
Is the preferred communications protocol for remote access communications?
PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol)
What is the preferred communications protocol for remote access communications?
PPP (point-to-point protocol).
Which protocol ip based and non granted?
PPP
What protocol does PPP use to identify the Network layer protocol?
Network Control Protocol is uses to identify the Network layer protocol used in the packet
What ppp protocol provides dynamic address authentication?
HDLC
Which protocol is used for dial-up data communications?
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is the most commonly used protocol for dial-up connections.
What is PPP in Linux?
PPP is point to point protocol. It does single channel network links, usually over a long distance, or a VPN. The program that sets up and manages PPP connections is pppd.
What does PPP use to encapsulate multiple network-layer protocols?
Network control protocol
Line protocol in down then what you do?
there may be the issue with the layer 2 protocol like hdlc or ppp is not configured or wrongly configured if the interface is serial interface.
