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Why do you connect capacitor in MAX232?
The input to the max232 ic will be of Transistor Transistor Logic (TTL) and its voltage range will be of 5 volt. The output of the max 232 ic will be of Recomended Standard 232 Logic (RS232 logic) and its voltage range will be of 12 volt. The max 232 ic which is operating on 5 volt supply has to step up the 5 volt input to 12 volt. Hence a capacitor is used for pumping the voltage and called as pumping capacitor.
What is the Use of 7408 IC?
a 7408 ic chip is a quadruple, 2 input AND Gate chip. These chips have 14 pins. Pin 7 is gnd and pin 14 is vcc. In principle, an AND Gate is just that. A gate that is Active high. To get an active high output, you must have both inputs active high. 5 volts on each input will give you a 5 volt output. These IC chip use TTL (transistor-transistor logic). They are obsolete and are no longer used in todays electrical circuits. Most electronic systems use a large CPLD, Complex Programmable Logic Device, that can be used to implement digital logic designs that contain 20,000 or fewer gates. Texas Instruments poineered the TTL 7408 IC chip. CPLD boards are commonly made by a company named Altera
What is a TTL-compatible output?
Compatibility in TTL means that the output of one TTL device can be used to drive the Input of the other TTL device , This because the low and high output window fit inside the low and high input window/profile TTL stand for Transistor Transistor Logic, so any voltage between 0 and 5 volt is compatible where any voltage between 3V and 5V is logic 1 and zero volt is logic 0
What is a TTL compatible output?
A: TTL gates operates on the premise of having +5 dc on the rail therefore the output will be in the range +5 volts. A cmos gate while similar to a TTL function is not really compatible since the output volts can be 12 volts or more. Besides that TTL gates require some input current for it to operate
Why is 5 volt assigned to logic 1 state and 0 assigned to ground?
Ground is a base point in every circuit.we define it's potential to 0.so GND=0 Volts. We know that logical circuits build up with transistors and use those in saturation mode. in saturation mode we need 5 volts voltage in input to we have this mode.5 volt voltage is IC working voltage(Vcc) too. so 3-5 volt is 1 logic
Can SD card works on 5 Volt input?
most of them yes, but not recommended.
What is voltage of TTL circuit?
CMOS gate circuits have input and output signal specifications that are quite different from TTL. For a CMOS gate operating at a power supply voltage of 5 volts, the acceptable input signal voltages range from 0 volts to 1.5 volts for a "low" logic state, and 3.5 volts to 5 volts for a "high" logic state. "Acceptable" output signal voltages (voltage levels guaranteed by the gate manufacturer over a specified range of load conditions) range from 0 volts to 0.05 volts for a "low" logic state, and 4.95 volts to 5 volts for a "high" logic state:It should be obvious from these figures that CMOS gate circuits have far greater noise margins than TTL: 1.45 volts for CMOS low-level and high-level margins, versus a maximum of 0.7 volts for TTL. In other words, CMOS circuits can tolerate over twice the amount of superimposed "noise" voltage on their input lines before signal interpretation errors will result.CMOS noise margins widen even further with higher operating voltages. Unlike TTL, which is restricted to a power supply voltage of 5 volts, CMOS may be powered by voltages as high as 15 volts (some CMOS circuits as high as 18 volts). Shown here are the acceptable "high" and "low" states, for both input and output, of CMOS integrated circuits operating at 10 volts and 15 volts, respectively:The margins for acceptable "high" and "low" signals may be greater than what is shown in the previous illustrations. What is shown represents "worst-case" input signal performance, based on manufacturer's specifications. In practice, it may be found that a gate circuit will tolerate "high" signals of considerably less voltage and "low" signals of considerably greater voltage than those specified here.Conversely, the extremely small output margins shown -- guaranteeing output states for "high" and "low" signals to within 0.05 volts of the power supply "rails" -- are optimistic. Such "solid" output voltage levels will be true only for conditions of minimum loading. If the gate is sourcing or sinking substantial current to a load, the output voltage will not be able to maintain these optimum levels, due to internal channel resistance of the gate's final output MOSFETs.Within the "uncertain" range for any gate input, there will be some point of demarcation dividing the gate's actual "low" input signal range from its actual "high" input signal range. That is, somewhere between the lowest "high" signal voltage level and the highest "low" signal voltage level guaranteed by the gate manufacturer, there is a threshold voltage at which the gate willactuallyswitch its interpretation of a signal from "low" or "high" or vice versa. For most gate circuits, this unspecified voltage is a single point:
How do you get 12 volt output from logic gates?
The easiest way is to use a logic family such as CMOS that can operate at supplies up to 15 volts. If you're using 5-volt TTL, the only way to get more than about 4 volts signal output is to use a transformer.
Can you run a 12 volt inverter with 18 volts?
It is generally not recommended to run a 12 volt inverter with 18 volts input, as it can damage the inverter and connected devices. The input voltage of the inverter should match the rated voltage to ensure safe and efficient operation.
How do you Write it past passive form-set the amplitude of the input signal 10 volt peak to peak and the frequency at 1khz?
the amlitude of the input signal 10 volt peak to peak was set at 10 khz
Can a 230 volt line filter be used with 120 volt input?
With electrical work it is always smart to use only approved items with different grades of electricity. The answer is NO only use line filters graded for 120 volt.
What are the principles of voltage reduction in auto transformer?
A: Transformers are designed with a turn ratio of 1:xxx the ratio can be 1.001 for instance then 1 volt input will transform into 1milli volt out that is the basics
