Your alternator will need to put out about 13.5 volts to charge your battry. It will need to over come the voltage of the battery to charge it. Check it with a meter set to DC volts. It may be able to keep up with little draw on it, but not with heater blower and lights on. So check with things on and off while the car is running. If the volts keep up to about 13.5 than it is probably ok. Some parts stores will check your battery and alternator for free.
Perhaps thids might help... http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_do_you_tell_if_the_battery_or_the_alternator_is_bad
There are generally two signs that the alternator is going bad. First is the noise. A new noise will begin to be heard. Something like a whining when the car is accelerating. Second is the smell. You may smell burning from the engine department.
When your battery does not get charge.
Take the belt off and spin the alternator by hand. If you hear a grinding noise, like sand rubbing on metal, its probably going bad. Also try to wiggle the pulley up/down/left/right. If it wiggles, the bearings are going bad. Of coarse you can always wait until they get so bad they shatter and the alternator wont spin at all, like i did. :(
If bearings go bad they will "squeal"
There are a few reasons why your alternator might keep going bad such as rusty latches under the car. You may also have leaks, dents, or parts that need to be replaced on the vehicle that are effecting your alternator.
How to Tell If Your Car Alternator Is Bad Check related link below…
Normally this is the bearings going bad.
There are several signs that an alternator is going bad. A few signs are dim lights, smell, warning lights, and a dead battery.
good
Alternator is going out? battery is going bad?
A bad alternator will make whats called a whirring noise. It could also make a low growl. This is just the bearings going bad. If your alternator is not supplying any power, it has nothing to do with noise typically.