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In 1872 Bismarck formed a 'league' of the conservative great powers of Europe - Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia. It is generally referred to as the Three Emperors' League. It was based on monarchist ideology, not on shared interests in foreign policy and was directed against what Bismarck called 'the followers of the red flag'. By this he meant France, Italy and possibly also Britain. In 1878 the League fell apart when Bismarck, as chairman of the Congress of Berlin, accepted British objections to the Treaty of San Stefano imposed on the Ottoman Empire at the end of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 and leaned heavily on Russia to accept a more modest settlement. The Treaty of San Stefano created a large 'Greater Bulgaria' with an extensive Aegean coastline and included most of modern Macedonia. Moreover, the Tsar had nominated a hardline conservative relative as king of the newly revived Bulgaria. Britain (and Austria) saw this as a massive extension of Russian power in the Balkans. In 1881 the League was revived. However, the it was at odds with secret clauses of the alliance concluded between Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1879 (the Dual Alliance), and in that respect it was dishonest. Moreover, in Germany the powerful agrarian lobby (Junkers) managed to get tariffs imposed on food imports from Russia. When the League came up for renewal in 1887, there were difficulties ... and in 1890, when it again came up for renewal, Bismarck's successor, Caprivi was keen to have only sound, 'hard-headed' alliance(s) without 'monarchic mysticism' and based instead on genuinely shared interests. As a result he refused to renew the League. Much to the embarrassment of the German government, in 1896 the Hamburger Nachrichten newspaper got hold of details of the secret clauses and exposed the contradictions and dishonesty in Bismarck's 'treaty system'. The non-renewal in 1890 left both Russia and Germany feeling isolated and in search of new allies. It had no immediate effect on Germany's or Russia's 'war plans'. (Please note that this account is brief and somewhat simplified).

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15y ago
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17y ago

Germany and Russia were enemies during WWI. I wonder if you're thinking of WW2?

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10y ago

In WW 2, simply by betraying them by unilaterally breaking the the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact between the two countries.

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Q: How did Germany lose Russia as an ally in World War 1?
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Related questions

How did Germany lose Russia as an ally during World War I how did this affect the German war plans?

Russia was not an ally of Germany in World War 1.


How did Germany lose Russia as an ally during World War 1?

== == Russia and Germany were never allies during World War I. They were on opposite sides from the beginning.


How did Germany lose Russia as an ally and how does this affect the German war plans?

Germany failed to renew their treaty or promise they made with Russia in 18 something or other. therefore Russia was free to ally with the Allied forces(countries lke England, France, etc.)


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