0
The origin of the Holy Roman Empire was the Carolingian Empire (800-888), which covered most of continental Western Europe. This empire ended with the extinction of the Carolingian dynasty due to continuous infighting over successions. France and Italy broke away.
There was a period where the king was not really in charge of Germany due to infighting over the succession and conflict between the king and the German princes. Henry the Fowler (ruled 919-36) managed to restore royal control and to repel attacks by the Magyars (Hungarians). His son and successor, Otto the Great (reigned 936-73), won a brief civil war and a rebellion backed by the king of France, thus consolidating royal power. He also inflicted the final defeat on the pagan Magyars, ending their invasions. The latter gave him the reputation of saviour of Christendom and further strengthened his power.
Otto also invaded Italy and was crowned king of Italy in 951. As his position in Italy was weak, Otto allowed the deposed king of Italy, Berengar II to retain his title as King of Italy in exchange for a hefty tribute, but kept north-eastern Italy as the March of Verona.
Berengar II rebelled and attacked the March of Verona in 958 and the Papal States in central Italy, which belonged to the Pope, in 960. The pope asked Otto for help and agreed to crown him emperor. Otto undertook a second expedition in Italy in 961. Berengar II avoided battle and withdrew his troops. Otto reached Rome January 962 and was crowned emperor by Pope John XII three days later. The kingdom of Germany and the kingdom Italy were joined to form the Holy Roman Empire.
Wiki User
∙ 9y ago
Wiki User
∙ 10y agoThe Holy Roman Emperors exercised their power through their right to issue laws, appoint imperial administrators, reform the imperial administration, by persecuting opponents and and the use of their armies. Their rule was precarious because they were elected by the Imperial Diet which represented the princes, high clergy and city-states of Germany. The prince often challenged and conducted military rebellions against the emperors. Therefore, they needed to suppress them militarily and be able to re-establish their authority.
Wiki User
∙ 8y agoThe Holy Roman Empire was founded by Otto I, the king of Germany. His father, Henry the Fowler, had managed to unify the German princes and is seen as the founder of the German state. He also repelled attacks from the Magyars. Otto defeated the Magyars, won a war agianst France, conquered northern and central Italy and was crowned king of Italy. However, he restored the crown of Italy to its former king, Berengar II, as a vassal king. However, Berengar soon rebelled. He attacked the Papal States and Pope John XII asked for Otto's aid in exchange for his coronation as Roman Emperor. Otto defeated Berengar and was crowned emperor. Originally it was called Roman Empire. The term Holy Empire appeared in 1157 and the term Holy Roman Empire first appeared in 1254 and became an offical name in 1512.
Wiki User
∙ 13y agohe got his power through the nobles voting for him to be emperor
Add your answer:
Earn +20 pts
What was the title used by the roman emperors and then by the popes?
The title of the emperors were Augustus and/or Caesar. The pope does not use the title of Roman emperors. he used the title of the head or Roman state religion. Pontiff is derived from Pontifex Maximus, the head of Roman state religion. It means bridge builder.
Why did the roman emperors use art?
The Roman emperors were not different from the emperors and kings of antiquity and the Middle Ages. Personal rules used art to display their wealth and status and help legitimise of strengthen their image of power by creating artistic symbols for their power. It was often a matter of propaganda. Power and wealth was what patronised the arts. This was not limited to personal rulers. Members of the aristocracies and the wealthy middle classes did the same. This is one of the reasons why there was so much art of the Italian Renaissance. There were plenty of personal rulers, aristocrats and wealthy merchants and bankers in the Italian city-states who wanted to display their wealth and create symbolism for their power.
How did Frederick II use security as a justification for absolutism?
Frederick II 1194 - 1250 was one of the most powerful Holy Roman Emperors of the Middle Ages.Some chronicles say that his mother, the forty-year-old Constance, gave birth to him in a public square in order to forestall any doubt about his origin.
What did the Romans use to keep someone from becoming to powerful?
The Roman Republic was established because the last king of Rome was a tyrant. The purpose of the Republic was to prevent the return of tyranny. The king was replaced by two annually elected consuls. Having two men in charge meant that they could counterbalance each other, The short term of office meant that no one could concentrate power in their hands. This changed when the Roman Republic fell and was replaced by rule by emperors. The emperors were all-powerful absolute rulers.
What is the name of the period of the fall of the roman empire?
The early period of rule by emperors in Rome (27 BC-284 AD) is called the principate. The later period is called the dominate (284-476 AD). The terms Early Empire and later empire are also used. Historian make a confusing use of the term Roman Empire. Beside using it to refer to territorial conquest, they also use it to refer to the 503-period of rule by emperors which followed the fall of the Roman republic (509-27 BC)
What was the title used by the roman emperors and then by the popes?
The title of the emperors were Augustus and/or Caesar. The pope does not use the title of Roman emperors. he used the title of the head or Roman state religion. Pontiff is derived from Pontifex Maximus, the head of Roman state religion. It means bridge builder.
When did Christianity spread throughout the Roman Empire?
Slaughter and suppression of other religions, and it provided a religious hierarchy of bishops which was valuable for emperors to use as a control measure to supplement his secular power.
Why did the roman emperors use art?
The Roman emperors were not different from the emperors and kings of antiquity and the Middle Ages. Personal rules used art to display their wealth and status and help legitimise of strengthen their image of power by creating artistic symbols for their power. It was often a matter of propaganda. Power and wealth was what patronised the arts. This was not limited to personal rulers. Members of the aristocracies and the wealthy middle classes did the same. This is one of the reasons why there was so much art of the Italian Renaissance. There were plenty of personal rulers, aristocrats and wealthy merchants and bankers in the Italian city-states who wanted to display their wealth and create symbolism for their power.
What are some comparisons of the Roman Empire and the Roman Republic?
Unfortunately historians make a confusing use of the tem Roman Empire. They use it in two senses. One is the common one of territorial possessions. The other refers to the period of rule by emperors which followed the Roman Republic. In the territorial sense, Rome already had an empire during the Republic. Much of her imperial expansion occurred during the republican period. The Roman Republic and rule by emperors can hardly be compared. The Republic was headed by two annually elected consuls. The other officers of state were also elected annually, except for the censor, whose term of office was 18 months. The emperors were absolute rulers who exercised personal power; that is, they were despots. They appointed the officers of state and the imperial bureaucracy. The senate was turned into an instrument for the emperor's power.
How did the Catholic Church use its power Its uphold its teachings?
Roman Catholic AnswerThe only "power" that the Church has is that of her Blessed Lord. As it is His teachings that she proclaims, it is His power that she uses to uphold them.
How do you use word of glory in World of Warcraft?
As you cast certain spells youll gain Holy Power, which is displayed underneath your health bar, character picture (Default U.I). Your Word of Glory will heal more for each Holy Power count you have (Max 3). As Prot pally you can use Sheild of the Rightous to use your Holy Power as well. And in Ret, Zeolatry uses your Holy power.
What was the emperor of Rome's name?
If you mean his title, it was "Caesar" or "Augustus" as the Romans did not use the word emperor. If you mean his personal name, you would have to specify the year of his reign, as there were 178 Roman emperors and a few of them had the same first name.If you mean his title, it was "Caesar" or "Augustus" as the Romans did not use the word emperor. If you mean his personal name, you would have to specify the year of his reign, as there were 178 Roman emperors and a few of them had the same first name.If you mean his title, it was "Caesar" or "Augustus" as the Romans did not use the word emperor. If you mean his personal name, you would have to specify the year of his reign, as there were 178 Roman emperors and a few of them had the same first name.If you mean his title, it was "Caesar" or "Augustus" as the Romans did not use the word emperor. If you mean his personal name, you would have to specify the year of his reign, as there were 178 Roman emperors and a few of them had the same first name.If you mean his title, it was "Caesar" or "Augustus" as the Romans did not use the word emperor. If you mean his personal name, you would have to specify the year of his reign, as there were 178 Roman emperors and a few of them had the same first name.If you mean his title, it was "Caesar" or "Augustus" as the Romans did not use the word emperor. If you mean his personal name, you would have to specify the year of his reign, as there were 178 Roman emperors and a few of them had the same first name.If you mean his title, it was "Caesar" or "Augustus" as the Romans did not use the word emperor. If you mean his personal name, you would have to specify the year of his reign, as there were 178 Roman emperors and a few of them had the same first name.If you mean his title, it was "Caesar" or "Augustus" as the Romans did not use the word emperor. If you mean his personal name, you would have to specify the year of his reign, as there were 178 Roman emperors and a few of them had the same first name.If you mean his title, it was "Caesar" or "Augustus" as the Romans did not use the word emperor. If you mean his personal name, you would have to specify the year of his reign, as there were 178 Roman emperors and a few of them had the same first name.
What defensive measure did the roman use to protect Rome in the period of decline after the five emperors?
They built a wall around the city to keep out invaders.
What is the Roman term for a ruler such as a king?
The Latin term for king is rex. The term Roman emperors has been coined by historians. The Romans did not use it. They said princeps of called them by the titles Caesar and Augustus.
How did holy roman emperor Charles V use nationality to keep his empire united?
Nationhood and nationality were only just emerging at the time - and only in Western Europe, not in the Holy Roman Empire. So the answer is likely to be that he didn't use the 'nationality' much, if at all.
What defensive measure did the Roman's use to protect Rome in the period of decline after the five good emperors?
They built a wall around the city to keep out invaders.
Who was the leader that transitioned rome from a republic to an empire?
Augustus established his absolute personal rule and became the first Roman emperor. However, he establish the Roman Empire. He started the 503-year of (absolute) rule by emperors which followed the republic. The Roman Empire already exited during the Roman Republic. Historians make a confusing use of the term Roman Empire. They use it to denote both Rome's territorial acquisitions and the period of rule by emperors which followed the fall of the Roman republic. In territorial terms, the Roman Republic already had an empire. In fact, much of Rome's expansion occurred during the republican period.
