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The immobilizer is an anti-theft measure, implemented on many modern cars today.
The system is integrated by (1) a special circuit in the ecu, (2) the car key, called “transponder key”, and (3) a coil antenna mounted around and inside the key lock assembly and (4) the transponder circuit, where the antenna connects.
Inside your car key, in the black or grey plastic part, there is a micro chip in a glass capsule, which contains the whole circuit needed for the key to transmit an unique code when close to the energized coil antenna. That is why your car key’s plastic part is wider than normal, to accommodate the device.
The circuit inside the key needs no battery, as it is powered up by magnetic signals out coming from the coil antenna. Right after the key is energized by the antenna, it starts emitting back to the coil, the code it has previously stored. All the communication and power feeding between the car key and the transponder circuit installed inside the steering column, is electro-magnetical. The code that the car key has programmed inside, is the code given to it when it was programmed by the dealer, using part of the VIN number.
The code received by the coil antenna from the car key, is amplified and decoded by the transponder circuit and then transmitted to the ecu to be compared with the code already stored on it and then be sent back to the transponder for comparisons.
If the comparison tests Ok, then the transponder circuit sends a signal to the ecu to allow the engine to run. If on the other hand, the code is not recognized (mismatched), the ecu shuts off the engine a second and a half after starting it and flash the security indicator on the dash board.
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