What are the differences between Mesopotamia civilization and Indus valley civilization?

Answer 1

Egyptian Civilization

Indus Valley Civilization

1. According to conventional Egyptian sources the civilization came in to existence around 150 B.C.

Indus valley civilization developed 3000 years ago.

2. It developed along the river Nile, Egypt

It developed along the river Indus, India

3. Ancient Egyptian writings are called hieroglyphics which was deciphered.

Their language has not been still deciphered.

4. Agriculture proved to be the main source of Egypt's wealth. In the marketplace, one could find cattle, goats, pigs, and fowl. The market was also home to a large variety of fish from the Nile

The economic wealth of the Indus River civilization emanated primarily from horticulture. There were enormous granaries built in each village

5. They had a government system similar to a monarchy, where, as the head of state, the pharaoh had absolute power. Motivating and organizing these activities was a bureaucracy of elite scribes, religious leaders, and administrators under the control of a Pharaoh who ensured the cooperation and unity of the Egyptian people.

Unfortunately, apart from their intelligent design of the cities, very little is known about the Indian system of government. Some believe that it was an authoritarian government, due to the grid plan of their cities as well as other factors. However, many suggest that the political leaders were also priests. They believe that the Indian government was theocratic and that a conservative priesthood governed.

6. The ancient Egyptians excelled in quarrying, surveying and construction techniques that facilitated the building of monumental pyramids. The construction of the Egyptian pyramids has dumbfounded the world for generations

The Indus River civilization was more technologically advanced than the Egyptian civilization. The cities of the Indus Valley Civilization were well-organized and solidly built out of brick and stone. Their drainage systems, wells and water storage systems were the most sophisticated in the ancient world.

7. The power and strength of Egypt proved to be their own downfall as the Egyptians became prideful and arrogant. Assyria invaded Egypt around 650 B.C, resulting in the plundering and destruction of many temples. The Assyrians were eventually forced to retreat, but the Egyptians were devastated. Later, in the fifth century B.C., Persians invaders attacked and conquered Egypt.

Several explanations have been formulated like-- repeated flooding of towns located on the river banks and due to ecological changes. Some historians do not rule out invasions by barbarian tribes and massacre in the northwest as the cause of the decline of the Harappan civilization. When the initial migrations of the Aryan people into India began about 1500 BC, the developed Harappan culture had already been practically wiped out.

Answer 2

well it is hard to say, because the indus valley civilization (IVC) has no sources, and excavations are tricky because of the nature of urbanism, as the IVC built on top of old sites (forming tell sites)

anyway, there are some key differences, and i wont into too much detail about them, but here they are:

IVC uses a logosyllabic language, whereas cuneiform script is logographic. Also the IVC language hasn't been translated

Mesopotamian cities are built around a centralised palace/temple. IVC doesnt even have very distinct palaces or temples.

there is little evidence for the ruling class in the IVC. though there must have been a social elite to construct infrastructure eg sewers and walls etc, they are almost invisible in the archaeological record. No statues, dedicated monuments, pieces of Propaganda, or rich graves.

There is almost no evidence for war/military forces. Though most cities are walled, this is more likely for tax/flood protection reasons.

Religion is obviously very different. But we have no idea what really happened in IVC religion, rituals or practices.

Those are the first things that spring to mind, there are obviously countless others. hope this helps

most of the stuff up there is wrong. indus valley didnt have palaces but it was a civilization. all civilizations had 5 characteristics; advanced cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology

Answer 3

Mesopotamian Egyptian Indian of the Chaldees were of the Chaldeans' race with some of their aristocrats, out of India, civilized many of China's villages. Both had the naga/Serpent beliefs with an astrological religion.

Answer 4

eghpt is in Africa and the indus valey is too

Answer 5

according to the reading, why was life good in ancient harappan civiliation