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At the top we have, of course, or head of state: Queen Elizabeth II.

Then, it's the Governor General, who mantains the Queen's power during her abscence. Nothing can be done without her direct consent, from a law being passed or even going to war. (of course, with the Monarch being a figurehead and Canada being a democracy, 99.999% of the time she will simply allow what Parliament requests - its extremely rare for the GG to interfere in government policies, etc).

After that, it's the Prime Minister. The PM is a Member of Paliament (MP) who was previously voted by the political party he/she belongs to be the leader of the party. Tha means if for some reason the PM decides to skip off and do something else, he/she would simply be replaced by another member of his/her political party.

The PM only holds power, however, while he/she has the confidence of the House of {arliament. Which means, if in an important vote the majority of MPs do not agree with the PM (regardless of which party they belong to), the Governr General then calls a federal vote for a new leading party. Either that, or she can ask another party's MP if they have the confidence of the house. If that's the case, his/her party becomes the new leading party.

If that's a bit confusing, watch Rick Mercer's explanation on YouTube ("RMR: Canada Explained").

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Q: How is Canada's powere divided under Canada's federal system?
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