How is health related components and skill related components alike?

Answer 1

HEALTH RELATED COMPONENTS

Cardiovascular Endurance

What is Cardiovascular Endurance ?

Cardiovascular, which is synonymous with cardiopulmonary exercise or "Cardio" is aerobic physical activities that last longer than 90 seconds.

To understand the terminology you should know, cardio = heart, vascular = related to blood vessels, and pulmonary = related to the lungs.

Cardiovascular or cardiopulmonary endurance is your physical ability to maintain aerobic exercise for prolonged periods of time.

Physiologically, cardiovascular endurance deals with the efficiency of your body's (heart, lunges and vascular system) ability to transfer oxygen rich blood to your working muscles during activities that last longer than 90 seconds.

Why is Cardiovascular Endurance Important ?

Cardiovascular endurance is very important because the more cardiovascular fit you are, the healthier your lungs, heart and vascular system is. While exercising this may be obvious to you but there is more.

If you demonstrate high levels of cardiovascular endurance during exercise you also have more efficient heart, lungs and vascular system while at rest which takes up the bulk of your time.

This means less stress is put on your heart and lungs around the clock which enables you to avoid illness and live a long healthy life. Many argue that cardiovascular endurance is the most important of the 5 components to physical fitness.

Type of activity: power walking, bicycling, swimming, soccer, Basketball, lacrosse,

ultimate Frisbee, speedaway, jogging

MASCULAR ENDURANCE

What is Muscular Endurance?

While muscular strength deals with short duration muscle contractions muscle endurance deals with sustained muscle contractions and other anaerobic activities lasting less than about 90 seconds.

Why is Muscular Endurance Important ? Muscular endurance is the bridge between muscular strength and cardiovascular endurance. In order to be cardiovascularly fit, you must demonstrate muscular endurance.Physiologically while muscle strength deals primarily with type II, fast twitch muscle fibers, muscular endurance deals with primarily type I, slow twitch muscle fibers. Your body contains both but only anaerobic exercises which last longer than around 15 seconds and less than 90 seconds strengthen your type I muscle fibers.

TYPE OF ACTIVITY: Selectorized or free-weight weight training

Muscular Strength

What is Muscular Strength ?

Muscular strength is the amount of force your muscle can exert against resistance for short duration, anaerobic (without oxygen) activities. Resistance includes external objects such as free weights or household objects as well as your own body weight.

Physiologically, muscular strength it is the ability to your body to supply ATP (Adenosine Tri-Phosphate or muscle energy) to your muscle fibers for concentric, eccentric and isometric contractions in short times, which range from 0 to around 15 seconds.

Why is Muscular Strength Important ?

While muscular strength may be subjective, the primary reason why muscular strength is important is your efficiency at Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). ADLs one of the most important reasons why being proficient at all 5 components of physical fitness are important.

At the very least, to be physically fit for in the muscular strength department, you should demonstrate the basic muscular strength needed to efficiently your ADLs. While ADLs vary from person to person, you can also consider activities such as push-ups, pull-ups and carrying heavy objects as ADLs.

Even though each of the 5 components of fitness depends on one another, poor muscular strength can also effect aerobic fitness and muscular endurance negatively.

TYPE OF ACTIVITY: Selectorized or free-weight weight training

Muscular Endurance

What is Muscular Endurance ?

While muscular strength deals with short duration muscle contractions muscle endurance deals with sustained muscle contractions and other anaerobic activities lasting less than about 90 seconds.

Why is Muscular Endurance Important ?

Muscular endurance is the bridge between muscular strength and cardiovascular endurance. In order to be cardiovascularly fit, you must demonstrate muscular endurance.

Physiologically while muscle strength deals primarily with type II, fast twitch muscle fibers, muscular endurance deals with primarily type I, slow twitch muscle fibers. Your body contains both but only anaerobic exercises which last longer than around 15 seconds and less than 90 seconds strengthen your type I muscle fibers.

TYPE OF ACTIVITY: Selectorized or free-weight weight training

Flexibility / Mobility

What is Flexibility ?

Flexibility is the range of motion possible for each of your joints or groups of joints. Optimal flexibility

Why is Flexibility Important ?

To some degree, your flexibility determines how efficiently your muscles are. Increased flexibility has also been associated with decreased risk of acute and chronic (overuse) injuries.

Poor flexibility can directly effect cardiovascular endurance, muscle strength and muscular endurance. Physiologically flexibility can include extra-muscular (range of motion at a joint) and intramuscular factors such as hypertonicity (knots) within the muscles themselves.

Type of Activity:Static stretching (slowly stretching a muscle until a tension is felt), Passive

stretching (a partner or device exerts force for the stretch)

Body Composition

What is Body Composition ?

Body composition is the percentage of your body's tissues which you exhibit.

The easiest way to look at body composition is with a 2 compartment analysis which estimates the amount of body fat you have with lean body mass which includes muscle, bone, water, and organs.

It takes expensive equipment for a 3 compartment analysis which isolates bone mass which can also be considered an important part of body composition.

Why is Body Composition Important ?

You could say body composition depends on the other components of physical fitness.

Having a poor body composition has many negative physical and psychological effects such as increased chance of a host of chronic diseases and depression. As mentioned previously, improper exercise habits and choices can not only lead to being overweight and obesity, but decreased bone mass associated with osteopenia and osteoporosis.

AgilityAgility, as defined by the President's Council, refers to the ability to change your entire body position in space rapidly with accuracy and speed. Sports coach Brian Mac offers a slightly different perspective, defining agility as the ability to perform a successive series of powerful explosive movements quickly in opposing directions. Agility is typically measured by performing a timed shuttle run. Sports teams use zigzag drills to enhance agility.

Balance

Balance is your ability to maintain equilibrium, or control your body's position in space. This component can further be broken down into static balance, which is maintaining equilibrium while not moving, and dynamic balance, which is maintaining control of the body while moving without succumbing to gravity or momentum. Balance is important in sports such as dance, gymnastics, Ice Hockey, figure skating and other sports requiring extreme control. CoordinationCoordination is a skill that recruits the senses such as sight and hearing in conjunction with body parts to perform tasks accurately and with efficiency of movement. Coach Brian Mac contends that coordination integrates the various skill-related components of fitness into accurate and effective movements. Juggling, hitting a Baseball. PowerA combination of strength and speed, power is the ability to exert maximum force in a quick, explosive burst. According to Pacific Lutheran University, power is a function of the amount of work performed per unit of time. The shot put, a tennis serve, a sprint start, a basketball dunk, and a baseball pitch all exhibit power. The jump height test is one assessment used to test power.

Speed and Reaction Time

Speed is the ability to perform a movement in a short period of time. Reaction time is a subcomponent of speed and refers to the time it takes for the neuromuscular system to produce movement from stimulus to reaction. Moving your foot from the accelerator to the brake is an example of reaction time. Combined, speed and reaction time equate to total response time, which is the time it takes from stimulus to completion of a movement. Speed and reaction times are thought to be greatly influenced by genetics.