UDP is a Transport layer protocol or fourth layer protocol. UDP is a connection less protocol used in transport layer. UDP header have four fields in total .
4
The header of an IP packet does not include fields required for reliable data delivery. There are no acknowledgments of packet delivery. There is no error control for data.
Minimal bytes required in IPv4 header are 20 i.e. 20 bytes are mandatory. And total bytes in IPv4 header are 60.
IP address remains the same. Mac address changes from router to router.
Simplified header format. IPv6 has a fixed length header, which does not include most of the options an IPv4 header can include. Even though the IPv6 header contains two 128 bit addresses (source and destination IP address) the whole header has a fixed length of 40 bytes only. This allows for faster processing. Options are dealt with in extension headers, which are only inserted after the IPv6 header if needed. So for instance if a packet needs to be fragmented, the fragmentation header is inserted after the IPv6 header. The basic set of extension headers is defined in RFC 2460.
differentiated services
Header is always a multiple of 4bytes and so we can have a maximum length of the field as 15, so maximum size of the header is 60 bytes out of which 20 bytes are mandatory.
The sequence number, acknowledge number, and Window fields.
4th longword (bytes 13-16)
It reads the protocol/bit stream/header
32 bits in a IPv4 address
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IPv6 includes an improved option mechanism over IPv4. IPv6 options are placed in separate extension headers that are located between the IPv6 header and the transport-layer header in a packet. Most IPv6 extension headers are not examined or processed by any router along a packet's delivery path until it arrives at its final destination. This facilitates a major improvement in router performance for packets containing options