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Considering the fact that the Romans 'owned' most of the world for 300 + years it is not surprising that 'Romanisation' was very pervasive.

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Q: How pervasive was romanization?
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Continue Learning about History of Western Civilization

What was Romanization?

It has multiple meanings - one of them basically means assimilation of a certain group of people by the Roman Empire, another means the conversion of a certain writing system to the Roman writing system.


Was colonization important to the Romans?

AnswerYes. Roman soldiers who completed twenty years in the legions were permitted to retire but instead of a pension they were given land to farm in the empire, usually near where they had served. This created colonies of ethnic Romans within the conquered peoples of the empire. This helped spread Roman culture and assimilate the disparate peoples into a common Roman identity and also assured that there would always be at least a nucleus of loyal citizens in all provinces. Thus colonization brought about ethnic homogenization and political stability. Michael MontagnePhilosophically, the Romans believed that it was their 'duty' to 'civilize' other 'less fortunate' peoples. This ideology came about from the teachings of Panaetius, and is part of the Stoic school of philosophy.Panaetius explains that "such an imperium is rightful because servitude is in the interest of such people ... in place of anarchy and struggle of all against all and perpetual feuds of individual population groups against one another emerge peace ad order, or in short the rule of law." The Romans believed that only their 'civilizing influence' could save these lesser peoples, and thus romanization became very important to them. it must be said, however, that in the process of colonization, the Romans did not merely exert their own ideas, beliefs and philosophies onto the subjugated peoples, rather a bilateral and often multilateral exchange occurred between cultures, in which Rome took aspects of their cultures, and made it Roman. Further on into the imperium, colonization became important as a device to secure wealth, power and fame, as well as a sense of stability and 'world order'.


How did Rome handle the difficulties of governing its large empire?

Rome didn't really handle the problems, it was too big for its own good, it did well under Julius Caesar, but after his death the families vied for power over Rome. It did its best, increased policing by custodes (Roman Guards). The Roman Empire made good use of its legions, but due to its size it survived in different forms after Rome itself had fell. I.e. Byzantine Empire the birth-place of Christianity. Mass conversion of conquered territories known as "Romanization" allowed them to gain Roman citizenship. Roman leaders would be set up as a localized government of conquered regions. They were Rex Roma, or Roman Kings acting as multiple heads of a hydra for the Roman Empire. Caesar Augustus also created amazing policies to unite the empire, thus bringing peace and harmony to Rome for a few years. These rulers were given a measure of local autonomy, power over the native inhabitants, and even permission to maintain armed forces. But Rome kept a close eye on any possible usurpers to prevent an autocracy. Rome's army was unmatched and could crush any rebellion with brute and violent force. Rome had an order of executioners. They were the Carnifex, they executed, tortured and worked with custodes to capture and publicly torture possible rebel leaders. Rome was an empire of unmatched military power, wealth, and art. Yet, due to the corruption within the political housing, even the Praetorian Guard, right hand of the Emperor took bribes by usurpers to turn the other cheek on assassinations, letting assassins gain entry and kill those they were supposed to protect.


What was the Pax Romana?

Pax Romana is a term historians use to indicate a 200-year period of relative political stability within the Roman Empire which followed the establishment of rule by emperors by Augustus. There were only two very brief periods of civil war and in the whole the authority of the emperor was solid. After this period, the authority of the emperor became weaker and there were many civil wars. The relative political stability favored the development of thriving trading networks throughout the empire and beyond. Pax Romana can be summed up in two words: peace and prosperity.


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