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the battery charger has a maximum current it can supply

this is a function of the cross section of the transformer

a 1000W charger will have something like 4 square inches of core weight about 20Kg or 45 lbs

120V at 8A 240V at 4a

so the line fuse (120V) needs to be 8A to protect the transformer

the secondary or 12V side would be 80A

this is usually a type 1 circuit breaker

after 80A causes it to open it cools down for a while and resets itself.

a low battery will take more than the charger will supply so after several blowing and resetting cycles of the secondary breaker the current demand goes down and it requires little current.

a good charger may notice when the battery reaches 14V or so and shut down to a trickle rate of under 1A

battery powered forklifts may have chargers of 10Kw or more and will have the automatic shut down and something a lot better than a type 1 breaker to limit charging power.

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