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Baking soda releases carbon dioxide gas, which forms timy bubbles in the cake batter. These bubbles cause the batter to "foam up", and raises the thickness of a baked layer of cake.
A dog barking will not make a cake fall during cooking. There would need to be sound waves violent enough to break the bubbles forming in the cake for this to happen, and a dog barking is not that big a noise, and the cake is also insulated from noise by the door of the oven.
Cake Batter Is Changed Into A Physical Change
Air bubbles formed in the batter while mixing. While the cake baked, those air bubbles expanded as steam and escaped, leaving behind a hole in the baked cake.
Yes. Over-mixing the batter can deflate air bubbles. It can also create heat, altering the way the ingredients are an how they will then react to more heat in the oven. This can result in a flat, dry, or dense cake. If you whip the batter too much, and air gets added in, the cake will then rise and either be light and fluffy or will pop.
Sour dough mix is loaded with yeast. Yeast produces carbon dioxide and alcohol as it digests the sugar in the batter. The gluten in the batter allows the carbon dioxide bubbles to form a persistent foam.
Air expands when heated, so if you are able to get enough air bubbles into a cake batter, the batter will expand when baked. This is the process behind the leavening action of whipped eggs in a Genoise sponge.
Baking powder ( NaHCO3) contains CO2 (carbon dioxide). Single Acting baking powder releases the gas when it gets wet. Double acting releases both when wet and when heated. When baking cake, the bubbles begin to form when making the batter and continue to expand as the cake batter bakes. I am not quit sure that is true.
Doing this can help expel large bubbles (voids) in the batter and it will level out the batter in the tin. However with batters made with beaten egg white this could cause loss of air and this would not be good.
If any cake rises when baking it means that the leavening - whether baking powder, baking soda or egg whites - is acting properly and gas is being trapped in the bubbles formed by the heated batter.
To mix cake batter?
The baking soda is a base. It reacts with acidic ingredients in the batter to make bubbles that help the cake to rise. Just mix some vinegar with baking soda and you can witness the reaction.