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Mecca - The city of Mecca grew in a well-protected valley at the crossroads of two long-distance trade routes. The routes stretched north and south between Yemen and the Mediterranean, as well as east and west between the Persia Gulf and the Red Sea. Travelers quenched their thirst and watered their animals at Mecca's fresh water well.

The founding of Mecca - Muslims believe that the founding and settling of Mecca is related to the story of Abraham and his son, Ishmael. According to Islamic teachings, Abraham and Ishmael built a cube-shaped shrine called the Ka'bah about 4,000 years ago. Islam teaches that Abraham was commanded to build the Ka'bah as a house of worship and a reminder of Abraham's firm belief in one God.

Ka'bah - Worshipers honored the Ka'bah and over time placed idols in it for safekeeping. They honored the gods in it by performing religious rituals. Although the Arab tribes still considered themselves to be descendants of Abraham, they introduced the worship of idols to the Ka'bah. By A.D. 500, there were more than 360 different idols in and around it. There were even some Christian pictures placed there. A tradition continued of visiting the Ka'bah and walking around it.

The Quraysh - The Quraysh, a local tribe, settled in Mecca sometime before A.D. 500. Their role as keepers of the Ka'bah gave them great prestige and helped them to make treaties with neighboring tribes. This ensured the safe passage of caravans during the months of pilgrimage (a journey to a sacred sight) and travel. The treaties prevented fighting and raiding during this time. By A.D. 500, Mecca had become the most successful trade center in Arabia, prospering from the flow of merchants and pilgrims.

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Q: How was Mecca different from other Arab trading cities?
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