yes ....
Yes they can refuse if you are not married or not a relative.
If your question is "When I miss hours of work, can the employer refuse to call them paid vacation as I requested", the answer is "Goodness yes, the employer alone determines the vacation usage policy.
Not positive, but No, you must be paid for any work for/from your employer or you can refuse to do it. However whatever you broke or anything they can deduct from your check.
The best place to find information about a time sheet would be your employer, they know exactly what they're looking for in one. You could also look at websites that have time sheets available to print.
If an employer requires you to submit a false time sheet, you are in a mess, as you have probably already figured out. If you do it, then he can fire you for submitting a false time sheet. If he requires it, do not simply do it on a verbal order. Get it in writing; otherwise, it can come back to haunt you. This brings back memories of a few other business just before they went under. The managers worked their employees with promises they would make up overtime. They kept two sets of time sheets. The employees never got paid for the overtime.
Vacation pay is an unregulated gift from the employer. It may deny or change vacation rules at will, except based on employee race, sex, religion, age or other illegal basis.
Creatures that Time Forgot was created in 1989.
No one anywhere can require you to sign anything. Doing so would invalidate your signature. It must be voluntary.
For hourly paid employees YES they can refuse to pay you for Down Time unless you have a labor contract that says otherwise or if the companies written policy states otherwise..... Laws vary from State to State but in many States if an employer shuts down for more than 3 days then you are entitled to file for unemployment compensation.
My guess is that it all goes to the contract you have with your employer. If you requested a vacation day and it was approved, they should pay you with vacation time. If you just missed a day without approval, they can choose not to pay you. But this is all speculative. Read your contract/employee handbook.
He forgot his homework. She forgot to get up in time for church.
Certainly. Salary is for work only, never for not working. Employers might offer paid time off or unpaid if an injured worker misses work time.