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The causes for the unrest in Ireland, before and after 1642 were many and varied. In summary, the conflict stemmed from religious and ethnic differences and the Irish Catholics fear of an invasion by anti-Catholic forces of the English Long Parliament, in league with the Scottish Covenanters (settlers in Ireland). Additionally, the rebels suspected an alliance with Charles I, Scotland, and protestant Ireland.

This mistrust, along with a series of incidents, aggravated the situation leading up to, and ultimately resulting in, the Irish Rebellion in 1641. Like all rebellions, it had been smoldering for a long time prior to open conflict. Then, what began as a coup attempt, descended into the chaos of civil war.

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The Catholic Confederation was founded in 1642, ending much of the chaos, but largely failing to address the problems that caused the unrest and dissatisfaction in the first place. The Confederation served as de facto government for most of Ireland, operating for some time without control from England.

The war continued in Ireland until 1649 when, in the name of the British Parliament, Oliver Cromwell invaded Ireland, subjecting it in 1653. With Cromwell's conquest, nearly all Catholic-owned land was confiscated and Catholic influence in Ireland was marginalized.

The story of this conflict and its consequences is long and convoluted, and in fact, even to this day the ramifications of this unrest are still running their course.

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Q: In 1642 - why were Catholic and protestants fighting in Ireland?
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No, they were mostly protestants and puritans, which explains why Cromwell was so popular by King charles' execution in 1642.


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What caused the fighting between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland?

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When did Dublin become a capital?

No. The Hill of Tara is regarded as being the ancient capital of Ireland. Dublin has been the capital of Ireland since about 1171. Kilkenny was the capital of what was known as "Confederate Ireland" between 1642 and 1649. This was only parts of Ireland, controlled by Catholic interests, so it was not the true capital of Ireland.No. The Hill of Tara is regarded as being the ancient capital of Ireland. Dublin has been the capital of Ireland since about 1171. Kilkenny was the capital of what was known as "Confederate Ireland" between 1642 and 1649. This was only parts of Ireland, controlled by Catholic interests, so it was not the true capital of Ireland.No. The Hill of Tara is regarded as being the ancient capital of Ireland. Dublin has been the capital of Ireland since about 1171. Kilkenny was the capital of what was known as "Confederate Ireland" between 1642 and 1649. This was only parts of Ireland, controlled by Catholic interests, so it was not the true capital of Ireland.No. The Hill of Tara is regarded as being the ancient capital of Ireland. Dublin has been the capital of Ireland since about 1171. Kilkenny was the capital of what was known as "Confederate Ireland" between 1642 and 1649. This was only parts of Ireland, controlled by Catholic interests, so it was not the true capital of Ireland.No. The Hill of Tara is regarded as being the ancient capital of Ireland. Dublin has been the capital of Ireland since about 1171. Kilkenny was the capital of what was known as "Confederate Ireland" between 1642 and 1649. This was only parts of Ireland, controlled by Catholic interests, so it was not the true capital of Ireland.No. The Hill of Tara is regarded as being the ancient capital of Ireland. Dublin has been the capital of Ireland since about 1171. Kilkenny was the capital of what was known as "Confederate Ireland" between 1642 and 1649. This was only parts of Ireland, controlled by Catholic interests, so it was not the true capital of Ireland.No. The Hill of Tara is regarded as being the ancient capital of Ireland. Dublin has been the capital of Ireland since about 1171. Kilkenny was the capital of what was known as "Confederate Ireland" between 1642 and 1649. This was only parts of Ireland, controlled by Catholic interests, so it was not the true capital of Ireland.No. The Hill of Tara is regarded as being the ancient capital of Ireland. Dublin has been the capital of Ireland since about 1171. Kilkenny was the capital of what was known as "Confederate Ireland" between 1642 and 1649. This was only parts of Ireland, controlled by Catholic interests, so it was not the true capital of Ireland.No. The Hill of Tara is regarded as being the ancient capital of Ireland. Dublin has been the capital of Ireland since about 1171. Kilkenny was the capital of what was known as "Confederate Ireland" between 1642 and 1649. This was only parts of Ireland, controlled by Catholic interests, so it was not the true capital of Ireland.No. The Hill of Tara is regarded as being the ancient capital of Ireland. Dublin has been the capital of Ireland since about 1171. Kilkenny was the capital of what was known as "Confederate Ireland" between 1642 and 1649. This was only parts of Ireland, controlled by Catholic interests, so it was not the true capital of Ireland.No. The Hill of Tara is regarded as being the ancient capital of Ireland. Dublin has been the capital of Ireland since about 1171. Kilkenny was the capital of what was known as "Confederate Ireland" between 1642 and 1649. This was only parts of Ireland, controlled by Catholic interests, so it was not the true capital of Ireland.


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If you mean who was the leader of the royalist army during the English Civil War of 1642, then the leader was King Charles I. He was fighting against Parliment


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