Homologous chromosomes are two sister chomatids stuck together with cohesins forming a tetrad. They have the same genes but not necissarily the same alleles, so they could carry hair color, one with brown the other with blonde.
So, homologous chromosomes share the same gene.
They both have "chrome" in it.
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Homologous chromosomes are individual chromosomes inherited from each parent. Sister chromatids are the result of DNA replication, and the are identical.
Homologous chromosomes is a pair made of a paternal and maternal chromosomes. But sister chromatid is either pairs of paternal or maternal chromosomes
Chiasma - The microscopically visible site where crossing over has occurred between chromatids of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.
Crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes, which are not identical, as one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes comes from the mother, and one member comes from the father. Sister chromatids are identical and crossing over would have no effect.
a. crossing over b. independent assortment or c. random fertilization
In Prophase I: - The duplicated chromatin condenses. Each chromosome consists of two, closely associated sister chromatids. - DNA is exchanged between homologous (similar) chromosomes in a process called 'homologous recombination'. - This often results in the non-sister chromatids crossing over*. The new combinations of DNA created during crossover are a significant source of genetic variation. *at points called chiasmata (plural; singular chiasma).
During crossing over, chromosomes exchange genetic material, leading to the recombination of genetic information between homologous chromosomes. This process increases genetic diversity among offspring by creating new combinations of genes.
-- synapsis: homologous chromosomes are coming close together and bivalents are formed.-- crossing-over: non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes interchange genesThe pairing (formation of bivalents) allows crossing over to take place and this enables genetic variations in the gametes.
homologous chromosomes exchange alleles during crossing over.
it is the part on the homologous chromosome that holds the two together once they have crossed over. the point where two homologous non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material during chromosomal crossover during meiosis
Chromosomes are the condensed and replicated form of DNA. The two identical halves of the chromosomes are known as sister chromatids. Before division, while the chromatids are still attached, they form one chromosome. However, when anaphase (i.e the stage when chromosomes split) starts and they are separated, the two chromatids on the opposite poles of the cell become complete chromosomes.
Chromosomes refer to structures with DNA and proteins that contain genetic information. The term "homologous chromosomes" is used to specify that the chromosomes contain the same genes, but have the same or different alleles.