It is more than likely that you need a new strut
There are a few different things which could cause wheel shaking and thumps when hitting a big bump. The most likely cause however, is that the struts need to be replaced.
Bump, clump, (a) hump, slump, grump, lump,
possibly your front upper control arm bushing are out.
The homonym of bump is bump. Homonyms are words that are spelled the same and sound the same but have different meanings.
The word "bump" has a short vowel sound.
Tie rod might need replacement.
check the rear drag links for wear the ball joints wear out a lot on them
Yes, "bump" is an example of an onomatopoeia because it imitates the sound it represents.
Check the strut mountings Check springs and shocks they may be worn out
jump, clump, rump, hump, dump, lump, stump, Forest Gump, trump, bump
I had a similar problem with my 2004 Jeep Grand Cherokee and it turned out to be my front sway bar bushings and front sway bar link. The sound was a large clunk sound when I went over bumps. After I got it fixed there were no problems.
Can be a loose shock, or loose suspension parts. Can also be loose exhaust system parts. I had a car that made a front-end knocking sound on bumps. Any little bump would do it. Turned out to be bad struts.