What are the different methods of irrigation?

Answer 1

natural irrigation

1 flooding

2 rainfall

traditional method

1 moat (pulley system)

2 rah-at (lever system)

3 chain pump &

4 dekhli

modern method

1 sprinkler system

2 drip system
Following are the types of irrigation:

1. Surface irrigation

2. Localized irrigation

2.1 Drip or trickle irrigation

3. Sprinkler irrigation

3.1 Center pivot irrigation

3.2 Lateral move (side roll, wheel line) irrigation

4. Sub-irrigation

5. Manual irrigation using buckets or watering cans
While cultivation the water is transferred to all plants or soil and the technique used is called irrigation.

The types of irrigation are:-

1. SURFACE IRRIGATION

In this water is spread over whole land or surface.

2. Free Flooding

This flooding system of irrigation is used from ancient times. Flooding method consists in applying the water by flooding the land of rather smooth and flat topography. In current irrigation practice, several flooding methods have been developed. In free flooding method, water is applied to the land from field ditches without any check or guidance to the flow. The land is divided into plots or kiaries of suitable size depending on porosity of soil. Water is spread over the field from watercourse. The irrigation operation begins at the higher area and proceeds towards the lower levels. The flow is stopped when the lower end of the field has received the desired depth of water. The field watercourse is properly spaced, the spacing depends on the topography, oil texture, depth of soil and size of stream.

3. Border Strip Method

4. Well and Tube Well Irrigation

Well and tube well's water used for irrigation

5. Canal Irrigation

Canals are most important source of irrigation from the period of 1960s, but in the 1970s, they yielded first place to wells and tube wells and now constitute the second most important source of irrigation in India. Canals are most effective techniques of irrigation in areas of low level relief, deep fertile soils, perennial source of water and extensive command area. Therefore, the main concentration of canal irrigation is in the northern plain of India, especially the areas comprising Uttar Pradesh Haryana and Punjab.

6. Tank Irrigation

A tank act as an irrigation storage system which is developed by constructing a small bund of earth or stones built across a stream. The water impounded by the bund is used for irrigation and for other purposes. Some tanks are built partly as dugouts and partly by enclosing bunds. Tanks are of varying size but most of the tanks are of small size and are built by individual farmers or groups of farmers. Tank irrigation is more suitable in the peninsular plateau area such as Andhra pradesh (Including Telangana) and Tamil Nadu.

7. Drip irrigation

In this tubes are set up in grounds through which water is transferred. It is also called trickle irrigation.

8. Sprinkler Irrigation

In the sprinkler technique of irrigation, water is sprinkled into the air and allowed to fall on the ground surface just like rainfall. The spray is done by the flow of water under pressure through small orifices or nozzles. The pressure is generally obtained by pumping. Through proper selection of nozzle sizes, operating pressure and sprinkler spacing the amount of irrigation water required to refill the crop root zone can be applied almost uniform at the rate to suit the infiltration rate of soil. In agriculture, almost all crops are suitable for sprinkler irrigation system except crops such as paddy and jute.

Know more about ministers of irrigation department of chhattisgarh(https://goo.gl/z3TjhO). Right now application drip irrigation is promoted highly.