I don't know about West Africa in particular, but I can tell you about the effects in general: The trans-Saharan trade routes affected many things, both positively and negatively. Africa was transformed due to the trading through caravans. Because of it, Timbuktu was founded and established, Islamic religion prospered, internal trade arose, and the northern and southern areas of the Sahara became significant for the goods they produced. One important positive effect that came about from the trans-Saharan trade route was extreme wealth of the empires and leaders in control during the time span of the trade routes. This abundance of wealth is shown in Mansa Musa's famous pilgrimage to Mecca in what is known as a Hajj. The concept of this trip init of itself shows the effects of the trans-Saharan trade, because to embark on a Hajj requires an Islamic Religion, and this religion was brought to the ruler of Timbuktu by none other than the trans-Saharan trade route. In his Hajj, Mansa Musa was escorted by a caravan consisting of 60,000 men including a personal retinue of 12,000 slaves, all of whom were clothed in colorful and expensive Persian silk. As well, he brought 80 to 100 camels burdened with 300 pounds of gold each. This rich emperor rode on horseback and was directly preceded by 500 slaves, each of whom carried a four pound staff of solid gold. Further examples of Mansa Musa's ultimate wealth are shown when he visited Cairo on his long journey. It is said that the emperor was so generous in his spending that he flooded Cairo's markets with gold, causing such a decline in its value that over a decade latter it still hadn't fully recovered. The trans-Saharan desert was an exemplary show of cultural diffusion, not only of products but of intangible goods as well.
A brisk trade between North Africa and West Africa quickly grew. Control of this trade brought power and riches to three West African kingdoms- Ghana, Mali, and Songhai.
They slowly got richer and richer
trade with Romans
gold
Sub-Saharan Africa
Trade
They controlled trade in the indian ocean
Neither system of trade involved shipping slaves to the Americas. -Jade
Positive: Cultural diffusion between Africa, India, The Middle East, and Europe. Negative: Depleted Natural resources of the area
The rise of European maritime trade in the 15th century, particularly the discovery of new sea routes to Asia, caused a decrease in trans-Saharan trade. Europeans were able to bypass the Sahara Desert and establish direct trade links with Africa's coastal regions, diminishing the importance and profitability of the trans-Saharan trade routes.
Trans-Saharan trade involved the exchange of goods and resources across the Sahara Desert in Africa, connecting North Africa with West Africa. Indian Ocean trade involved maritime trade routes between countries bordering the Indian Ocean and interconnected regions, facilitating the exchange of goods, cultures, and ideas. Both trade networks were important for the development of civilizations and the spread of goods and ideas throughout history.
The camels were introduced in 300C.E, and there for desert travel.
The Saharan slave trade to the Islamic world carried mostly women for sexual and domestic employment. The Atlantic trade concentrated on young men fit for hard labor in the Americas. African societies who sold slaves might keep women and children for their own uses. All three had a demographic effect on the region. However, the Atlantic trade had the most significant demographic effect on parts of western and central Africa; the population there in 1850 might have been one-half of what it would have been without the trade. The women and children not exported skewed the balance of the sexes in African-enslaving societies.
which counties were involved in the trans-Saharan slave trade