A carbide blade with large teeth about 3 per inch.
a concrete or masonry blade
A dado blade. A dado blade is 2 saw blades sandwiched around a number of "chisel" blades added or subtracted to achieve the desired width of the saw cut.
If it's a regular chopsaw, it's cut will be about 9 ".
Yes. Particle board can be painted.
There are many kinds saw blade, diamond saw blade and carbide saw blade. You should choose the saw blade according to the application, like wood, metal, stone, concrete, wall and so on.
Screw a board to the fence so you can get close to the blade and make sure you hold the board against it when you run it through.
any saw is the opposite of the way the blade spins!
Unscrew the handle to relive the tension on the saw. Remove the old blade, hook the new blade over the pins on the saw and tighten the handle back up.
There is a great new glossary for circular saw blades here: http://www.toolstoday.com/t-saw-blades-glossary.aspx The Toolstoday Saw Blade Glossary defines the many different saw blade terms that you need to know when you purchase, or start working with saw blades.
Rip saw blades require a greater kerf to prevent the pinching of the blade by the stock.
Particle Board can be found at your local hardware store. It is mainly used for dhrlving, tops and sides.
coated blade creates less friction/binding/heat. coated blade less likely to leave burn mark on wood due to blade overheating