An oil pump mounted on the engine block inside the oil pan.
The oil pump moves the oil from the tank through the engine and filter and returns it to the tank the way the heart circulates blood.
Yes, the 2000 Olds Silouette has an engine oil cooler, as well as a transmission oil cooler for the automatic tranny. The engine oil cooler is built in to the engine oil filter housing. Water/coolant enters from the engine block, circulates around the filter housing and exits through a tube to the lower intake manifold. If an engine starts getting oil in the coolant and coolant in the engine oil, this could very well be the source of the problem. An internal leak.
Jacket
Oil in your engine circulates constantly while the engine is running, and your crankcase also "breathes" outside air. Microscopic particles of metal (from the engine) and dirt (from the outside air) accumulate in your oil. These act as abrasives in the oil if they aren't removed. The oil filter removes them, every time the oil passes through the filter (many times an hour in driving). This greatly prolongs the life of the engine.
It circulates throughout the engine area. Unless it leaves the oil pan from the oil plug then it should go into some kinda container so you can dispose of it. Most parts store can do that for you.
The compressor oil
The water pump
you can try adding "lucas engine oil additive: but pretty much all that is happing is the lifters are little noisy until the oil circulates thru engine and lifters, basically not much you can do about it
There is a piece of metal on the connecting rod that splashes the oil around.
The water pump.
No. The pressure relief valve is part of the pump. The oil filter has a built in bypass valve. It is for if the filter media gets plugged the valve opens and oil still circulates.
it circulates the water throughout the engine and the radiator, keeping your engine from overheating