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Is it true that Replication occurs simultaneously at many points on a DNA molecule?
Yes it is. The eukaryotic DNA polymerase works much slower than the prokaryotic DNA polymerase, working at around 50 bases per second. With as many as 80 million bases to replicate the job is achieved in about one hour by having many replication forks. The simple answer: It's quicker.
Is the enzyme that allows replication to occur DNA polymerase or RNA polymerase?
DNA polymerase replicated DNA. RNA polymerase creates mRNA to be used in protein synthesis. RNA polymerase does not replicated DNA.
What role does the enzyme helicase play in the process of DNA replication?
Helicase is an enzyme that unwinds the double-stranded DNA molecule during replication by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs. This allows the DNA polymerase enzyme to access the separated strands and synthesize new complementary strands. In essence, helicase plays a crucial role in the initiation of DNA replication by separating the two strands of the DNA double helix.
Is DNA replication bidirectional in prokaryotes?
Because in eukaryote the DNA is antiparallel, so the polymerase has to go in one direction up the leading strand and in the reverse direction down the lagging strand. Of course, two polymerase at the same time.
The process by which DNA polymerase is able to correct mismatched nucleotides is called?
The process by which DNA polymerase is able to correct mismatched nucleotides is called proofreading. DNA polymerase has a built-in proofreading mechanism that allows it to recognize and remove incorrect nucleotides during DNA replication, thereby increasing the accuracy of DNA synthesis.
Is DNA polymerase able to proofread the DNA sequence?
Yes, DNA polymerase has proofreading activity, which allows it to correct mistakes during DNA replication. This helps maintain the accuracy of the DNA sequence.
How is the structure of DNA enable the molecule to be easily transcribed?
The double-helix structure of DNA allows the two strands to separate easily, providing access for enzymes to transcribe the genetic information. The complementary base pairing also ensures accurate replication and transcription as the RNA polymerase can easily recognize and bind to the exposed bases on the DNA template strand.
Which which job must enzymes do before replication can begin?
Unwind part of the original DNA molecule :)
Why doesn't RNA polymerase require a primer for transcription?
RNA polymerase does not require a primer for transcription because it can initiate the process on its own by recognizing specific DNA sequences called promoters. This allows RNA polymerase to bind to the DNA and start synthesizing RNA without the need for a primer like DNA polymerase does during DNA replication.
What must occur before DNA replication can take place?
Before DNA replication can take place, the DNA molecule must unwind and separate into two strands, a process catalyzed by enzymes. This separation into single strands allows for the complementary base pairing to occur during replication. Additionally, a primer made of RNA is needed to initiate the process by providing a starting point for DNA polymerase to add nucleotides.
What happens when RNA polymerase binds to the DNA molecule?
When RNA polymerase binds to the DNA molecule, it initiates the process of transcription, where a complementary RNA strand is synthesized based on the DNA template. This allows the genetic information stored in the DNA to be transcribed into RNA, which can then be used to produce proteins.
What enzyme unzips the DNA molecule?
There are several enzymes that 'unzip' DNA. These enzymes are collectively known as DNA helicases. DNA helicases are helix-destabilizing enzymes that bind to DNA at the origin of replication and break hydrogen bonds, thereby separating the two strands. This allows RNA polymerase to begin transcription (copying) of the DNA sequence.
