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Are mutations predictable?
No, they are random, This means that they occur in no set numerical order. So, though they can not be predicted it is certain, with the mistakes made in replication and other factors, that they will occur.
What are the General steps in enzyme catalyzed reaction?
In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the general steps include: substrate binding to the active site of the enzyme, forming an enzyme-substrate complex. This complex undergoes a reaction, leading to the formation of products. Finally, the products are released from the enzyme, which remains unchanged and can continue catalyzing more reactions. The enzyme facilitates the reaction by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, increasing the reaction rate.
Are mutations in the DNA sequence gene transient changes?
Successful mutations will persist. Mutations usually occur during replication. Some mutations will flourish depending on environmental factors.
How does a genetic mutation occur when the mom and dad does not have one?
If something were passed down from parents, that would be inheritance. A mutation is when something goes wrong and causes a change in the genetic structure. Mutations can be caused by radiation or chemicals or mutations can also occur "naturally" when some part of DNA replication or correction goes wrong.
How is meiosis related to genes?
Meiosis allows a cell to form into 4 cells (by meiosis 1 (which is literally mitosis) and meiosis 2 (mitosis without DNA replication)) in meiosis 1, the cells exchanges DNA information between homologous pairs, this allows genes to be transferred and creates 4 unique and distinct cells. segragation of alleles occur too.
How does the process of DNA replication occur, considering the fact that DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides?
During DNA replication, the enzyme DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand by matching them with the complementary nucleotides on the template strand. This process ensures accurate copying of the genetic information.
What process must occur before mitosis and meiosis produces two identical dna strands from one original template and uses dna polymerase enzyme to produce the copy?
DNA replication
What patrols DNA looking for errors?
The enzyme known as DNA polymerase is responsible for proofreading and repairing errors that occur during DNA replication. Its proofreading function helps to maintain the integrity of the DNA sequence by identifying and correcting mistakes.
What will occur if a DNA polymerase makes a mistakeduring DNA replication?
It do occur during the replication. DNA polymerase has a proof reading activity that can correct the wrong base in the sequence. If the mutation persist it may cause any bad effect or stay neutral in case of silent mutation.
How does the replication process ensure the accurate duplication of one molecule of DNA?
During DNA replication, the enzyme DNA polymerase reads the original DNA strand and creates a complementary strand by matching nucleotides. This process ensures accurate duplication by proofreading and correcting any errors that may occur.
When in the replication process is DNA most vulnerable to mutations?
DNA is most vulnerable to mutations during the replication process, specifically during the DNA synthesis stage when mistakes can be made by the DNA polymerase enzyme. Mutations can also occur during exposure to external factors such as radiation or chemicals that can damage the DNA.
Which process must occur before mitosis and meiosis produces two identical DNA strands from one original templates and uses DNA polymerase enzyme to produce the copy?
DNA replication must occur before mitosis and meiosis can produce two identical DNA strands from one original template. During DNA replication, the DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two strands, each serving as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. This process is carried out by DNA polymerase enzymes and results in the formation of two identical DNA molecules.
What is the difference between the Helicase and DNA polymerase enzme?
The helicase in a way unzipps the wound DNA. DNA Polymerase then matches the nucleotide bases with free floating one so that A matches with T (or in RNA U) and G matches with C. Creating two new strands of DNA and completing DNA replication.
Can polymerase catch and correct every reptication error?
Yes. Initially, DNA replication makes 1 mistake in a 100,000. Like spell check, DNA polymerase comes in and removes errors in base pairs and correct them by adding the right ones. After DNA polymerase checks the new strand for errors, the end result is 1 mistake in a billion. If this didn't occur, mutations would surely take place in out body.
The location where DNA polymerase attaches to the DNA strand?
DNA polymerase attaches to the DNA strand at a specific region called the origin of replication. This is where the double-stranded DNA is unwound, creating two template strands for DNA synthesis to occur. DNA polymerase then begins replicating the DNA in a 5' to 3' direction.
What must occur before DNA replication can take place?
Before DNA replication can take place, the DNA molecule must unwind and separate into two strands, a process catalyzed by enzymes. This separation into single strands allows for the complementary base pairing to occur during replication. Additionally, a primer made of RNA is needed to initiate the process by providing a starting point for DNA polymerase to add nucleotides.
Which is the first step to occur during the process of replication?
The first step in the process of replication is the unwinding of the DNA double helix by an enzyme called helicase. This process separates the two strands of DNA, creating a replication fork where new nucleotides can be added to each strand.
