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How is efficiency proofreading activity DNA- polymerase?

Efficiency in proofreading activity of DNA polymerase is achieved through its ability to recognize and remove incorrectly paired nucleotides during DNA synthesis. This process involves the exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase, which allows it to backtrack, excise the mismatched base, and replace it with the correct one. This proofreading mechanism helps ensure high fidelity in DNA replication.


Where does DNA polymerase add nucleotides during the process of DNA replication?

DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand at the replication fork during the process of DNA replication.


How does the removal of the base following base removal allow DNA polymerase to add nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction?

When the base is removed from the DNA strand, it creates a gap that DNA polymerase can fill by adding nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction. This process allows the DNA polymerase to continue building the new DNA strand in the correct order.


What enzyme connects the new nucleotide together and proofreads them?

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that connect the new nucleotides together and proofreads them.


How does DNA polymerase add nucleotides during the process of DNA replication?

DNA polymerase adds nucleotides during DNA replication by recognizing the complementary base pairs on the template strand and adding corresponding nucleotides to the growing new strand. This process ensures accurate replication of the genetic information.


How does the process of DNA replication occur, considering the fact that DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides?

During DNA replication, the enzyme DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand by matching them with the complementary nucleotides on the template strand. This process ensures accurate copying of the genetic information.


What is the name of the chemical reaction when a strand of messenger RNA is formed from individual nucleotides?

The process of forming a strand of messenger RNA from individual nucleotides is called transcription. During transcription, an enzyme called RNA polymerase helps to assemble the nucleotides in the correct sequence based on the DNA template.


What is the function of DNA polymerase 3 in the process of DNA replication?

DNA polymerase 3 is an enzyme that adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication. It is responsible for synthesizing the majority of the new DNA strand by adding complementary nucleotides to the template strand.


What enzyme Cuts out the RNA primer on the replicated DNA molecule and replaces it with the appropriate DNA nucleotides?

The enzyme that cuts out the RNA primer on the replicated DNA molecule and replaces it with the appropriate DNA nucleotides is DNA polymerase I in prokaryotes and DNA polymerase delta in eukaryotes. This process, known as primer removal or primer excision, is essential for completing DNA replication accurately.


What is the process of DNA synthesis from 5' to 3' direction?

During DNA synthesis, new nucleotides are added to the growing DNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction. This means that nucleotides are added to the 3' end of the existing strand, as DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides in this direction. This process ensures that the new DNA strand is synthesized in the correct orientation and maintains the genetic information encoded in the original DNA template.


What function does DNA polymerase have to enable it to detect errors and correct them?

DNA polymerase has a proofreading function that allows it to detect errors during DNA replication. If the enzyme detects a mismatched base pair, it can reverse its catalytic activity and remove the incorrect nucleotide before continuing with DNA synthesis. This proofreading process helps maintain the accuracy of DNA replication.


How does RNA polymerase determine its binding location on the DNA strand?

RNA polymerase determines its binding location on the DNA strand by recognizing specific sequences of nucleotides called promoter regions. These promoter regions contain signals that indicate where the RNA polymerase should start transcribing the DNA into RNA. The RNA polymerase binds to these promoter regions with the help of other proteins, allowing it to initiate the transcription process at the correct location on the DNA strand.