What is fluid and electrolyte balance and how is it maintained?

Answer 1

water is the major fluid in the human body. It consists of 60% of body weight in men and 55% in women due to the fat composition in the women body. the fluid 60% is present in two types: Extracellular fluid (plasma (blood) and interstitial (space between cells). they compromise of 20% and the rest 40% is in the intracellular fluid (in the cells). Interstitial fluid and blood plasma are similar in their electrolyte make up. Na+ and Cl- being the major electrolytes. In the intracellular fluid, K+ and HPO4- are the major electrolytes. the electrolytes net positive ions and the net negative ions that are present in the extracellular fluid is the same as in the intracellular fluid. The most abundant ions are sodium and chloride in the extracellular fluid and potassium, magnesium and phosphate in the intracellular fluid. ELECTROLYTE DISTRIBUTION Electrolyte Extracellular

meq/liter Intracellular

meq/liter Function Sodium 142 10 fluid balance, osmotic

pressure Potassium 5 100 Neuromuscular excitability

acid-base balance Calcium 5 - bones, blood clotting Magnesium 2 123 enzymes Total Positive ions 154 205 Electrolyte Distribution Electrolyte Extracellular

meq/liter Intracellular

meq/liter Function Chloride 105 2 fluid balance, osmotic pressure Bicarbonate 24 8 acid-base balance Proteins 16 55 osmotic pressure Phosphate 2 149 energy storage Sulfate 1 - protein metabolism Total Negative ions 154 205 I hope your question was answered. If you need more information, i would be happy to answer. Rana Afifi, MS. Toxicology, Petra University, Jordan email: rana552000@Yahoo.com